Question
What is meant by homologous series?
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Answer
The length of the carbon chains in carbon compounds is different their chemical properties are very much similar due to the presence of the same functional group in them. The series of compounds formed by joining the same functional group in place of a particular hydrogen atom on the chains having sequentially increasing length is called
homologous series. Two adjacent members of the series differ by only one $-\mathrm{CH}_2-$ (methylene) unit and their mass differ by 14 units.
The homologous series of straight chain alkanes can be represented by the general formula $\mathrm{CnH}_{2 n+2}$. The members of this s
Methane - $\mathrm{CH}_4$ Ethane - $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_6$ | - These differ by - $\mathrm{CH}_2$ units |
Ethane $-\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_6$ Propane $-\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_8$ | - These differ by $-\mathrm{CH}_2$ units |
Butane - $\mathrm{C}_4 \mathrm{H}_{10}$ Pentane $-\mathrm{C}_5 \mathrm{H}_{12}$ | - These differ by $-\mathrm{CH}_2$ units |
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