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Chemical Thermodynamics — Chemistry STD 12 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceChemistryChemical Thermodynamics2 Marks
Question
What is relation between spontaneity and energy of a system ?
✓

Answer

(1) The spontaneous process takes place in a direction in which energy of the system decreases. For example, neutralisation reaction between $NaOH$ and $HCl$ solution is exothermic with release of energy.

(2) The spontaneous process also takes place with the increase in energy by absorbing heat. For example,
(a) Melting of ice at $0^{\circ} C$ by absorption of heat
(b) Dissolution of $NaCl$,
$\begin{aligned}
& NaCl _{( s )}+ aq \rightarrow NaCl _{( aq )} \rightarrow Na ^{+}{ }_{( aq )}+ Cl _{( aq )}^{-} \\
& \Delta H ^0=+3.9 kJ mol ^{-1}
\end{aligned}$

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