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Biotechnology: Principles and Processes — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYBiotechnology: Principles and Processes2 Marks
Question
What method is used to introduce recombinant DNA into bacteria?
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Answer

DNA is a hydrophobic molecule, hence it is not able to enter through the cell membrane. Hence the bacteria are made capable of accepting the plasmid. For this, it is treated with a specific concentration of calcium which helps the DNA to enter through the pores located in the cell wall of the bacteria. These cells are first placed on ice with recombinant DNA and then the recombinant DNA is forcefully introduced into those cells. After this, the cells are kept at 42° Celsius (heat shock) for some time and then kept on ice again. Due to this the recombinant DNA enters the bacteria.

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