Question
- Which of the following are isostructural species. Give their structures.
- Which has most electronegativity of carbon? Why?
✓
Answer
i. $\mathrm{NO}_2^{+}, \mathrm{CO}_2, \mathrm{BeCl}_2$ also isostructural as these are linear.
$\mathrm{BCl}_3$ has trigonal planar structure.
ii.
a. has most electronegative ' C ' because it is sp hybridised ( $50 \%$ ' s ' character) than $\mathrm{sp}^2$ hybridised ' C ' in $\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CH}_2$, sp ${ }^2$ (33\% 's' character) and sp ${ }^3$ ( $25 \%$ s-character) in $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_3$.
Greater the s-character, more electronegativity.
$\therefore$ 's' orbital is closer to nucleus.
$\mathrm{BCl}_3$ has trigonal planar structure.
ii.
a. has most electronegative ' C ' because it is sp hybridised ( $50 \%$ ' s ' character) than $\mathrm{sp}^2$ hybridised ' C ' in $\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CH}_2$, sp ${ }^2$ (33\% 's' character) and sp ${ }^3$ ( $25 \%$ s-character) in $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_3$.
Greater the s-character, more electronegativity.
$\therefore$ 's' orbital is closer to nucleus.
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