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Biotechnology: Principles and Processes — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Bihar BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYBiotechnology: Principles and Processes5 Marks
Question
  1. Why are engineered vectors preferred?
  2. A vector is engineered with three features, which facilitate its cloning within the host cell. List the three features and explain each one of them.
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Answer

  1.  
  1. Engineered vectors help easy linking of foreign DNA.
  2. They facilitate selection of recombinants from non-recombinants.
  1. Features of Cloning vectors:

  1. Origin of Replication (Ori):

  • This is the sequence of DNA from where replication starts.
  • Any piece of alien/ foreign DNA linked to it is made to replicate within host cell; it also decides the copy number of the linked DNA.

  1. Selectable marker: A marker is a gene, which helps in selecting the host cells, which are transformants/ recombinants from the non-recombinant ones, eg ampicillin and tetracycline resistant genes in E.coli

  2. Cloning site: The vector should have a few, preferably one unique recognition site to link the foreign DNA, presence of a particular cloning/ recognition site enables the particular restriction enzyme to cut the vector DNA.

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