Why does hydrogen occur in a diatomic form rather than in a monoa… - Vidyadip

Question

Why does hydrogen occur in a diatomic form rather than in a monoatomic form under normal conditions?

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Answer

The ionization enthalpy of hydrogen atom is very high $\left(1312 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}\right)$. Hence, it is very hard to remove its only electron. As a result, its tendency to exist in the monoatomic form is rather low. Instead, hydrogen forms a covalent bond with another hydrogen atom and exists as a diatomic $\left(\mathrm{H}_2\right)$ molecule.

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