Why is a minimum two stage rocket necessary for launching of a sa… - Vidyadip

Question

Why is a minimum two stage rocket necessary for launching of a satellite?

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Answer

For the projection of an artificial satellite, it is necessary for the satellite to have a certain velocity.
In a single stage rocket, when the fuel in first stage of rocket is ignited on the surface of the Earth, it raises the satellite vertically.
The velocity of projection of satellite normal to the surface of the Earth is the vertical velocity.
If this vertical velocity is less than the escape velocity $(v_e)$, the satellite returns to the Earth’s surface. While, if the vertical velocity is greater than or equal to the escape velocity, the satellite will escape from Earth’s gravitational influence and go to infinity.
Hence, minimum two stage rocket, one to raise the satellite to desired height and another to provide required hori7ontal velocity, is necessary for launching of a satellite.

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