Chemical Reactions and Equations — Science STD 10 — Question

State the meaning of the functional group in an organic compound. Write the formula of the functional group present in alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids.

During extraction of metals, electolytic refining is used to obtain pure metals.

1. Which material will be used as anode and cathode for refining of silver metal by this process?
2. Suggest a suitable electrolyte also.
3. In this electrolytic cell, where do we get pure silver after passing electric current?

State any three limitations of Mendeleev’s classification of elements.

What are strong and weak acids? In the following list of acids, separate strong acids from weak acids. Hydrochloric acid, citric acid, acetic acid, nitric acid, formic acid, sulphuric acid.

Name three products of the chlor-alkali process. State two uses of each of these products.

A non-metal X exists in two different forms Y and Z. Y is the hardest natural substance, whereas Z is a good conductor of electricity. Identify X, Y and Z.

2g of silver chloride is taken in a china dish and the china dish is placed in sunlight for some time. What will be your observation in this case ? Write the chemical reaction involved in the form of a balanced chemical equation. Identify the type of chemical reaction.

A carboxylic acid (molecular formula C₂H₄O₂) reacts with an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to form a compound ‘X’. The alcohol on oxidation with alkaline KMnO₄ followed by acidification gives the same carboxylic acid C₂H₄O₂. Write the name and structure of,

1. Carboxylic acid.
2. Alcohol.
3. The compound ‘X’.

On adding a drop of barium chloride solution to an aqueous solution of sodium sulphite, white precipitate is obtained.

1. Write a balanced chemical equation of the reaction involved.
2. What other name can be given to this precipitation reaction?
3. On adding dilute hydrochloric acid to the reaction mixture, white precipitate disappears. Why?