With the help of a labelled diagram, describe the method of separating ammonium chloride from a mixture of ammonium chloride and common salt. Mention the difference in the properties of ammonium chloride and sodium chloride which has made this separations possible.
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The mixture of common salt and ammonium chloride is taken in a china dish and placed on a tripod stand. The china dish is covered with an inverted glass funnel. A loose cotton plug is put in the upper, open end of the funnel to prevent the ammonium chloride vapours from escaping into the atmosphere. The china dish is heated by using a burner. On heating the mixture, ammonium chloride changes into white vapours. These vapours rise up and get converted into solid ammonium chloride on coming in contact with the cold, inner walls of the funnel. In this way, pure ammonium chloride collects on the inner sides of the funnel in the form of a sublimate and can be removed. Common salt does not change into vapours on heating, so it remains behind in the china dish and can be separated out. Ammonium chloride sublimes on heating whereas common salt does not sublime on heating. So, we can separate ammonium chloride from a mixture of common salt and ammonium chloride by the process of sublimation.
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