Question
With the help of suitable figure, explain about angle of deviation.
✓
Answer
Refraction of light through a triangular glass prism
→ In above figure, $A B C$ is the cross-section of triangular prism, kept in air-medium.
→ When a ligh ray $P E$ propagating in air is made incident on refracting face $A B$ of above prism at an angle of incidence $i$, it gets refracted at angle of refraction $r$.
→ Now, refracted ray $E F$ propagating in glass medium gets refracted by refracting face $A C$ and then comes out of prism in the form of emergent ray FS. Here $e$ is called angle of emergence.
→ Here, incident ray would have propagated along $G H$ in the absence of prism which now in the presence of prism, propagates along FS. Thus, prism bends the incident ray by $\angle H G S$. Such angle is called "angle of deviation". It is shown by symbol $D$.
→ Value of angle of deviation depends on (i) angle of incidence and (ii) relative refractive index of material of glass medium with respect to surrounding medium.
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