Question
Write a note on chemical composition of nucleic acid compounds.
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How can diethyl ether be prepared from
i. ethyl iodide
ii. ethyl alcohol?
Why is the boiling point of an ether lower than that of the isomeric alcohols.
i. ethyl iodide
ii. ethyl alcohol?
Why is the boiling point of an ether lower than that of the isomeric alcohols.
'Stability of a crystal is reflected in the magnitude of its melting points'. Comment. Collect melting points of solid water, ethyl alcohol, diethyl ether and methane from a data book. What can you say about the intermolecular forces between these molecules?
- Write the IUPAC name of the complex $[Cr(NH_3)_4 Cl_2]Cl.$
- What type of isomerism is exhibited by the complex $[Co(en)_3]^{3+}?$
- Why is $[NiCl_4]^{2–}$ paramagnetic but $[Ni(CO)_4]$ is diamagnetic?
Estimate the minimum potential difference needed to reduce $Al_2O_3$ at $500°C$. The free energy change for the decomposition reaction,
$\frac{2}{3}\text{Al}_2\text{O}_3\frac{4}{3}\text{Al + O}_2\text{ is }960\text{kJ (F = 96500C mol}-1)$
→$\frac{2}{3}\text{Al}_2\text{O}_3\frac{4}{3}\text{Al + O}_2\text{ is }960\text{kJ (F = 96500C mol}-1)$
The following results have been obtained during the kinetic studies of the reaction:
$2A + B \rightarrow C + D$
Determine the rate law and the rate constant for the reaction.
→$2A + B \rightarrow C + D$
| Experiment | [$A]/mol\ L^{-1}$ | $[B]/mol\ L^{-1}$ | Initial rate of formation of $D/mol\ L^{-1} \min^{-1}$ |
| $I$ | $0.1$ | $0.1$ | $6.0 \times 10^{-3}$ |
| $II$ | $0.3$ | $0.2$ | $7.2 \times 10^{-2}$ |
| $III$ | $0.3$ | $0.4$ | $2.88 \times 10^{-1}$ |
| $IV$ | $0.4$ | $0.1$ | $2.40 \times 10^{-2}$ |
A compound $‘X’ (C_2H_4O)$ on oxidation gives $‘Y’ (C_2H_4O_2)$. ‘X’ undergoes haloform reaction. On treatment with HCN ‘X’ forms a product ‘Z’ which on hydrolysis gives 2-hydroxy propanoic acid.
→- Write down structures of ‘X’ and ‘Y’.
- Name the product when ‘X’ reacts with dil. NaOH.
- Write down the equations for the reactions involved.
What are micelles? How do they differ from ordinary colloidal particles? Give two examples of micelle forming substances.
While separating a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols by steam distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile. Give reason.
Write the structures of A, B and C in the following:
→- $\text{C}_{6}\text{H}_{5}-\text{CONH}_{2}\xrightarrow{Br_2/aq.KOH}A\xrightarrow[0-5^oC]{NaNO_2+Hcl}B\xrightarrow{KI}C$
- $\text{CH}_{3}-\text{Cl}\xrightarrow{KCN}A\xrightarrow{LiAlH_4}B\xrightarrow[\Delta]{CHCl_3+alc.KOH}C$
Calculate the mass of urea $(NH_2CONH_2)$ required in making $2.5$ kg of $0.25$ molal aqueous solution.
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