In spite of having entered the Second World War. President Franklin D. Roosevelt of the USA had taken the initiative to establish another international organisation to preserve human freedom. world peace and security.
→ In his message to the American Congress on 6th January, 1941 President Roosevelt had underlined the need for (1) freedom of speech and expression; (2) freedom of religion; (3) freedom from hunger (economic freedom) and (4) freedom from fear.
→ The Atlantic Charter was signed by President Roosevelt of the USA and Prime Minister Churchill of England on 4th August, 1941. This Charter included such vital matters as maintaining sovereignty of every nation, peace, security, disarmament and social and economic welfare of people.
→ The Moscow Declaration was issued by the foreign ministers of the USA, Great Britain, the USSR and China in October. 1943 which underlined the principles of the future international organisation.
→ Tehran Declaration was issued in November, 1943 by Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin.
→ At the Dumbarton Oaks Conference in Washington in September 1944. the United Nations Agreement was finalised.
→ At the San Francisco Conference the UN Charter was finalised in June, 1945.
→ The UN Charter was signed by the representatives of 51 nations on 24th October, 1945. India was one of the signatories. Thereby the United Nations came into existence.