Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 8Social ScienceAgriculture5 Marks
Question
Write short note : Drip Irrigation System
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Answer
Drip irrigation is a part of micro irrigation system. Water is saved and the nutritive elements can reach up to the roots of the plants by using this system of irrigation. This process affects from the upper surface up to the inner surface (roots) Main aim of the drip irrigation system is to reduce the evaporation and to provide the water directly up to the roots of the plants.
In drip irrigation system. the water is supplied to the plants by using the valves. pipes, tubes, weather tiles, etc. collectively. The distribution of water and the nutrients is made in the relative field through the pipes known as 'Dripper Lines'. There are smaller units called as 'dripper'. Every dripper releases drops containing water and fertilizers. These drops reach up to the roots of every sapling. The success of this irrigation method depends on how it is designed, maintained and implemented. If this method is used in a properly managed way, it becomes more effective compared to the other methods of irrigation and water sprinkler method. The drip irrigation is sometimes called as Trickle Irrigation. This drip irrigation system is suitable for crops such as cotton. castor. sugarcane, etc. and also for vegetables and fruits which have some space between two rows.
By using the drip irrigation system properly
$(1)$ About $40$ per cent to $60$ per cent of water can be saved.
$(2)$ Fertilizers and pesticides. along with water can also reach the roots of the plants. uniformly. This causes faster development and growth of the plants.
$(3)$ About $25$ per cent to $30$ per cent fertilizer can be saved.
$(4)$ Labour cost is also reduced.
$(5)$ The water can be given to the undulating land also.
$(6)$ Less weed reduces the cost of weeding medicines and labour.
$(7)$ The spread of pests reduces as the water is not retained in the land.
$(8)$ Electricity can be saved up to $30$ per cent to $35$ per cent.
$(9)$ As the moisture is retained in the soil, it is easier to do only farming activities. For the reasons mentioned above, the drip irrigation system has become the best irrigation system in agriculture.
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