Write short notes: (1) Breathing in human (2) Alveoli of lungs - Vidyadip

Question

Write short notes:
(1) Breathing in human
(2) Alveoli of lungs

✓

Answer

(1) When we breathe in, we lift our ribs and flatten our diaphragm.
$\rightarrow$ As a result the chest cavity becomes larger.
$\rightarrow$ Because of this, air is sucked into the lungs and fills the expanded alveoli.
$\rightarrow$ The alveoli provide a surface for exchange of gases.
The blood brings carbon dioxide from the rest of body release into the alveoli and the oxygen in the alveolar air is taken up by blood in the alveolar blood vessels.
Now, diaphragm pulled up and ribs move down.
$\rightarrow$ As a result, the chest cavity becomes smaller.
$\rightarrow$ Because of this, air is expelled from lungs into the atmosphere.
During the breathing cycle, when air is taken in and let out, the lungs always contain a residual volume of air so that there is sufficient time for oxygen to be absorbed and for the carbon dioxide to be released.

(2) Fine smaller brochioles terminate in balloon-like structures in lungs are called alveoli.
$\rightarrow$ The alveoli provide a large surface for the exchange of respiratory gases (O₂ - CO₂).
$\rightarrow$ If the alveolar surface were spread out, it would cover about 80 m². Because of this it provides large and efficient surface for exchange.
$\rightarrow$ The walls of the alveoli contain an extensive network of blood capillaries.

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