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Co-ordination Compounds — Chemistry STD 12 Science — Question

Bihar BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceChemistryCo-ordination Compounds5 Marks
Question
Write the applications of organometallic compounds.
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Answer

Organometallic compounds have very extensive applications :
1. As Homogeneous Catalysis : Organometallic compounds are used as homogeneous catalysts for a large number of reactions in solution. For example, Wilkinson's catalyst, $\left( Ph _3 P \right)_3 RhCl$ is used as a homogeneous catalyst in hydrogenation of alkenes.
2. As Heterogeneous Catalysis : Organometallic compounds are also used as heterogeneous catalysts in many reactions. For example, solution of $TiCl _4$ and trialkyl aluminium Ziegler-Natta catalyst is used as a catalyst for polymerisation of olefins.
3. In Organic Synthesis : Organometallic compounds such as organolithium (R-Li), organomagnesium (R-Mg-X), organocadmium ( $R _2 Cd$ ) are used in synthesis of a large number of organic compounds.
4. In Metallurgical Processes : Organometallic compounds are used in purification of metals. For example, nickel carbonyl used in the purification of nickel by Mond process.
5. Tetraethyl lead is used as an antiknocking compund in gasoline (petrol).
6. Organosilicon compounds are used in medicines.
7. Many organometallic compounds are finding applications in agriculture. For example, ethyl mercury chloride $\left( C _2 H _5 HgCl \right)$ is used as a fungicide.
8. Organosilicon compounds are used as polymers in silicon rubbers. Because of high thermal stability, resistance to oxidation and chemical attack silicon rubbers are used in modern surgery for the production of artificial body parts.

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