Metals and Non-Metals Science - Metals and Non-Metals

The atomic numbers of four elements A, B, C and D are 6, 8, 10 and 12 respectively. The two elements which can react to form ionic bonds (or ionic compound) are:

An important ore of zinc metal is:

Which of the following non-metal is a liquid?

The noble gas having only two electrons in its valence shell is:

Zinc oxide is a metal oxide. Which of the following term best describes the nature of zinc oxide:

1. An acidic oxide.
2. A basic oxide.
3. An amphoteric oxide.
4. A neutral oxide.

Zinc blende ore can be converted into zinc oxide by the process of:

1. Roasting.
2. Hydrogenation.
3. Chlorination.
4. Calcination.

You are given a solution of AgNO₃. Which of the following do you think cannot displace Ag from AgNO₃ solution?

1. Magnesium.
2. Zinc.
3. Gold.
4. Copper.

Which one of the following property is generally not exhibited by ionic compounds?

1. Solubility in water.
2. Electrical conductivity in solid state.
3. High melting and boiling points.
4. Electrical conductivity in molten state.

Which one of the following four metals would be displaced from the solution of its salt by the other three metals?

1. Zn
2. Ag
3. Cu
4. Mg

Fill in the following blanks with suitable words:
The non-metal present in steel is _______.

Fill in the following blanks with suitable words:
Ordinary aluminium strips are not attacked by water because of the presence of a layer of _________ on the surface of aluminium.

Fill in the following blanks with suitable words:
The alloy in which one of the metals is mercury is called an _______.

Fill in the following blanks with suitable words:
Magnesium liberates ________ gas on reacting with hot boiling water.

Fill in the blanks in the following sentence:
Two atoms of the same element combine to form a molecule. The bond between them is known as _________ bond.

Tiffin boxes are electroplated with ________ but car bumpers are electroplated with ________ to protect them from rusting.

The white powder formed when magnesium ribbon burns in oxygen is of __________.

The rocky material found with ores is called _______.

The process of depositing a thin layer of zinc on iron articles is called ________.

The non-metal present in steel is _______.

State whether the following statement is true or false:
The aqueous solution of an ionic compound conducts electricity because there are plenty of free electrons in the solution.

State whether the following statement is true or false :
Non-metals react with dilute acids to produce a gas which burns with a ‘pop’ sound.

The aqueous solution of an ionic compound conducts electricity because there are plenty of free electrons in the solution.

Non-metals react with dilute acids to produce a gas which burns with a ‘pop’ sound.

Which property of copper and aluminium makes them suitable:
For making electric wires?

What iron compound is present in haematite ore? Also write its chemical formula.

Give reason for the following:
Silver, gold and platinum are used to make jewellery.

What is the name of the chemical bond formed:
By the sharing of electrons between two atoms?

Show the formation of NaCl from sodium and chlorine atoms by the transfer of electron(s).

Write the names and formulae of (a) a metal hydride, and (b) a non-metal hydride.

Write the electron-dot structures for the following molecules:

1. NaCl
2. Cl₂

Write the electron arrangement in (i) a magnesium atom, and (ii) an oxygen atom.

Write the composition of the alloy called bronze. Give two uses of bronze.

Write equation for the reaction of:

1. Sodium with oxygen.
2. Magnesium with oxygen.

Draw the electron-dot structure of a hydrogen chloride molecule:

1. Which inert gas does the H atom in HCl resemble in electron arrangement?
2. Which inert gas does the Cl atom in HCl resemble in electron arrangement?

The atomic number of an element X is 12.

1. What must an atom of X do to attain the nearest inert gas electron configuration?
2. Which inert gas is nearest to X?

Explain how, mercury is extracted from its sulphide ore (cinnabar). Give equations of the reactions involved.

What is meant by 22 carat gold? Name the metals which are usually alloyed with gold to make it harder.

What happens when calcium reacts with chlorine? Write an equation for the reaction which takes place.

You can buy solid air-freshners in shops. Do you think these substances are ionic or covalent?
Why?

Write the chemical equation of the reaction which takes place when iron reacts with dilute sulphuric acid. What happens when the gas produced is ignited with a burning matchstick?

Write one reaction in which aluminium oxide behaves as a basic oxide and another in which it behaves as an acidic oxide.

With the help of examples, describe how metal oxides differ from non-metal oxides.

Why is white phosphorus kept immersed under water?

What is a thermite reaction? Explain with the help of an equation. State one use of this reaction.

How are the properties of an alloy different from those of the constitutent elements?

A zinc plate was kept in a glass container having CuSO4 solution. On examining it was found that the blue colour of the solution is getting lighter and lighter. After a few days, when the zinc plate was taken out of the solution, a number of small holes were noticed in it. State the reason and give chemical equation of the reaction involved.

Using electron-dot diagrams which show only the outermost shell electrons, show how a molecule of nitrogen, N, is formed from two nitrogen atoms. What name is given to this type of bonding? (Atomic number of nitrogen is 7)

You are given a dry cell, a torch bulb with holder, wires and crocodile clips. How would you use them to distinguish between samples of metals and non-metals?

What type of bonding would you expect between the following pairs of elements?

1. Calcium and Oxygen.
2. Carbon and Chlorine.
3. Hydrogen and Chlorine.

What is the difference between a cation and an anion? How are they formed? Give the names and symbols of one cation and one anion.

What is the action of water on (a) sodium (b) magnesium, and (c) aluminium? Write equations of the chemical reactions involved.

What is a thermite reaction? Explain with the help of an equation. State one use of this reaction.

A black metal oxide XO is used as a catalyst in the preparation of oxygen gas from potassium chlorate. The oxide XO is also used in ordinary dry cells. The metal oxide XO cannot be reduced satisfactorily with carbon to form metal X.

1. Name the metal X.
2. Name the metal oxide XO.
3. Which reducing agent can be used to reduce XO to obtain metal X?
4. Name another metal which can also be extracted by the reduction of its oxide with the above reducing agent.

A metal X which is resistant to corrosion is produced by the electrolysis of its molten oxide whereas another metal Y which is also resistant to corrosion is produced by the reduction of its oxide with carbon. Metal X can be used in powder form in thermite welding whereas metal Y is used in making cathodes of ordinary dry cells.

1. Name the metals X and Y.
2. Which of the two metals is more reactive : X or Y?
3. Name one ore or metal X. Also write its chemical formula.
4. Name one ore of metal Y. Also write its chemical formula.
5. Name one alloy of metal X and one alloy of metal Y.

State and explain the reaction, if any, of the following metals with a solution of copper sulphate:

1. Gold.
2. Copper.
3. Zinc.
4. Mercury.

You are given samples of three metals — sodium, magnesium and copper. Suggest any two activities to arrange them in order of their decreasing reactivities.

You are given samples of three metals — sodium, magnesium and copper. Suggest any two activities to arrange them in order of their decreasing reactivities.

Write the equations for the reactions of:

1. Magnesium with dilute hydrochloric acid.
2. Aluminium with dilute hydrochloric acid.
3. Zinc with dilute hydrochloric acid.
4. Iron with dilute hydrochloric acid.

Name the products formed in each case. Also indicate the physical states of all the substances involved.

When an object made of metal A is kept in air for a considerable time, it loses its shine and becomes almost black due to the formation of a layer of substance B. When an object made of another metal C is kept in damp air for a considerable time, it gets covered with a green layer of substance D. Metal A is the best conductor of electricity whereas metal C is the next best conductor of electricity.

1. What is metal A?
2. What is metal C?
3. Name the substance B.
4. Name the substance D.
5. What type of chemical can be used to remove the green layer from metal C and clean it? Why?

What is meant by ‘rusting of iron’? With the help of labelled diagrams, describe an activity to find out the conditions under which iron rusts.

What is meant by refining of a metal? Name the most widely used method for the refining of impure metals obtained by various reduction processes. Describe this method with the help of a labelled diagram by taking the example of any metal.