Economics 4 Marks Question

(1) Under the Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana (SAGY), introduced by the Government of India, Members of Parliament (MPs) need to identify and develop one village from their constituencies. MPs were to develop three villages as model villages, covering over 2,500 villages. MPs were expected to facilitate a village development plan, motivate villagers to take up activities and build infrastructure in the areas of health, nutrition, and education.
(II) Two examples of allied activities are:

• Livestock
• Fisheries

An increase in human capital causes economic growth is unclear, owing to the problems pertaining to the estimation of quantifiable relation between the two. Educational yardsticks like years of schooling, teacher-pupil ratio, enrolment rates etc. may not reflect educational quality accurately. Whereas, human capital measures may show convergence between developing and developed nations, however, there's no empirical evidence to prove income per capita convergence.
Hence, education may improve, but cannot guarantee similar progress in real income across different countries.

Under the Delhi Declaration, the G-20 member countries have agreed to elevate efforts to limit Global Warming. To achieve this, these nations have decided to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
It has been agreed to devise an effective approach to transitioning from conventional sources of energy to non-conventional sources of energy. Wind energy and solar power serve as good illustrations of environmental friendly sources of energy that contribute to achieving sustainable development

The fast-paced economic growth in China can be traced back to the following reforms introduced in 1978:
• In the initial phase, reforms were initiated in agriculture, foreign trade and investment sectors. For instance, in agriculture commune lands were divided into small plots, which were allocated to individual households. They were allowed to keep all income from the land after paying stipulated taxes.
• In the subsequent phase, reforms were initiated in the industrial sector. Private sector firms, in general, and township and village enterprises, in particular, were allowed to produce goods. At this stage, State Owned Enterprises were made to face competition.