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Question 13 Marks
Write a note on changing structure of employment.
Answer
We know, India is an agrarian nation. A major section of our population lives in rural areas and is dependent on agriculture as their main livelihood. The developmental strategies in many countries, including India, have always aimed at reducing the proportion of people depending on agriculture.
In 1972 - 73, 74.3% of workforce was engaged in primary sector, which declined to 44.6% in 2017 - 18. It shows substantial shift from farm work to non-farm work. It may be due to greater number of job opportunities available in the other two sectors.
Secondary and service sectors are showing promising future for the Indian workforce as shares of these sectors have increased from 10.9% to 24.4% and from 14.8% to 31% respectively. It may be because of rapid industrialisation and improvement of infrastructural facilities.
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Question 23 Marks
How do the Water contamination factor contribute to the environmental crisis in India? What problem do they pose for the government?
Answer
Water Contamination : Life depends to a great extent on water. However, increase in population, waste disposal from factories etc., contaminate water. The development process has also polluted water and is responsible for the decreasing level of water that is harmful for animals living in water. The government has taken many steps to solve the problem of water contamination but it had failed to achieve desired success.
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Question 33 Marks
Government allocates forest lands to industries to use forest materials as industrial raw materials. Twelve years after setting up a paper mill in Uttar Kanara area, bamboo has been wiped out from that area. Even if a paper mill employs thousands of workers, but if they deprive the daily needs of million people, is it acceptable? What do you think?
Answer
No, I do not think that it is acceptable. The negative impacts of such a decision far outweights the positive impacts. Deforestation has many adverse effects such as soil erosion, loss of biodiversity, disruption of the climatic cycle, etc. Therefore to benefit a few thousand people, the future of millions should not be compromised upon. So not acceptable.
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3 Marks Question - Economics STD 12 Commerce Questions - Vidyadip