Question 511 Mark
Name two diseases caused due to deficiency of enzymes.
Answer
View full question & answer→Albinism and phenylketonuria.
Questions · Page 2 of 2
1 Marks Question
Question 521 Mark
Write IUPAC names of following and classify them into primary, secondary, tertiary amines:
$CH_3NHCH(CH_3)_2$
$CH_3NHCH(CH_3)_2$
Answer
View full question & answer→$CH_3NHCH(CH_3)_2$
Methyl isopropyl amine (secondary)
Methyl isopropyl amine (secondary)
Question 531 Mark
Why is cellulose not digested in human body?
Answer
View full question & answer→It is due to the fact that human beings do not have enzyme to digest cellulose.
Question 541 Mark
Out of lysine and leucine which one is a basic amino acid?
Answer
View full question & answer→Lysine.
Question 551 Mark
Give two examples of water-soluble vitamins.
Answer
View full question & answer→Vitamin B, Vitamin C.
Question 561 Mark
Name the base that is found in nucleotide of RNA only.
Answer
View full question & answer→Uracil.
Question 571 Mark
Answer the following questions.
Name two fat storing tissues in human body.
Name two fat storing tissues in human body.
Answer
View full question & answer→Liver and adipose tissue.
Question 581 Mark
Name the enzyme that breaks large protein into small peptides.
Answer
View full question & answer→Pepsin, trypsin.
Question 591 Mark
Name two carbohydrates which act as biofuels.
Answer
View full question & answer→Starch and glycogen.
Question 601 Mark
Why does compound (A) given below not form an oxime?
Answer
View full question & answer→Glucose pentaacetate (structure A) doesn’t have a free —OH group at C1 and so can’t be converted to the open chain form to give —CHO group and hence doesn’t form the oxime.
Question 611 Mark
Why are carbohydrates generally optically active?
Answer
View full question & answer→Carbohydrates have chiral or asymmetric carbon atom.
Question 621 Mark
Write the constituents of sucrose.
Answer
View full question & answer→D-(+)- Glucose and D-(-)- fructose.
Question 631 Mark
Amino acids can be classified as $\alpha-, \beta-, \delta-,$and so on depending upon the relative position of amino group with respect to carboxyl group. Which type of amino acids form polypetide chain in proteins?
Answer
$\alpha-$Amino acid,
forms polypeptide chain in proteins.
View full question & answer→$\alpha-$Amino acid,
forms polypeptide chain in proteins.Question 641 Mark
Name the vitamin whose deficiency is responsible for poor coagulation of blood.
Answer
View full question & answer→Vitamin K.
Question 651 Mark
Give an example each of essential and non-essential amino acids.
Answer
View full question & answer→Valine is an essential amino acid whereas glycine is a non-essential amino acid.
Question 661 Mark
Write the constituents of maltose.
Answer
View full question & answer→Two units of $\alpha\text{-D-glucose.}$
Question 671 Mark
What is the major structural polysaccharide in higher plants?
Answer
View full question & answer→Cellulose.
Question 681 Mark
How do enzymes help a substrate to be attacked by the reagent effectively?
Answer
View full question & answer→Enzymes arehighly specific. They react with substrate molecule and form intermediate complex. They reduce the magnitude of activation energy.
Question 691 Mark
Which moieties of nucleosides are involved in the formation of phosphodiester linkages present in dinucleotides? What does the word diester in the name of linkage indicate? Which acid is involved in the formation of this linkage?
Answer
Nucleosides are linked to phosphoric acid at 5′-position of sugar moiety to form a nucleotide. Further, nucleotides (two molecules) are joined together by phosphodiester linkage between 5′ and 3′ carbon atoms of pentose sugar to form dinucleotide. Phosphoric acid is involved in the formation of this linkage.
View full question & answer→Nucleosides are linked to phosphoric acid at 5′-position of sugar moiety to form a nucleotide. Further, nucleotides (two molecules) are joined together by phosphodiester linkage between 5′ and 3′ carbon atoms of pentose sugar to form dinucleotide. Phosphoric acid is involved in the formation of this linkage.
Question 701 Mark
What is function of 'fibrinogen' in the blood?
Answer
View full question & answer→It helps in protective blood clotting.
Question 711 Mark
In nucleoside a base is attached at 1′ position of sugar moiety. Nucleotide is formed by linking of phosphoric acid unit to the sugar unit of nucleoside. At which position of sugar unit is the phosphoric acid linked in a nucleoside to give a nucleotide?
Answer
View full question & answer→Phosphoric acid unit is linked preferably at 5′-position of sugar moiety of a nucleoside to give a nucleotide.
Question 721 Mark
Aldopentoses named as ribose and 2-deoxyribose are found in nucleic acids. What is their relative configuration?
Answer
View full question & answer→Configuration assigned is O. Thus, ribose is $\beta-$D-ribose Deoxyribose is $\beta-$D-2-deoxyribose.
Question 731 Mark
$\alpha-$Helix is a secondary structure of proteins formed by twisting of polypeptide chain into right handed screw like structures. Which type of interactions are responsible for making the $\alpha-$helix structure stable?
Answer
View full question & answer→In $\alpha-$helix, apolypeptide chain is stabilized by the formation of hydrogen bonds between NH— group of amino acids in one turn with the >C —O groups of amino acids belonging to adjacent turn.
Question 741 Mark
Answer the following questions.
Name the protein and its shape present in oxygen carrier in human body.
Name the protein and its shape present in oxygen carrier in human body.
Answer
View full question & answer→Globular protein and its shape is spherical.
Question 751 Mark
Answer the following questions.
Which of the following biomolecules is insoluble in water? Justify. Insulin, Haemoglobin, Keratin.
Which of the following biomolecules is insoluble in water? Justify. Insulin, Haemoglobin, Keratin.
Answer
View full question & answer→Keratin being a fibrous protein insoluble in water.
Question 761 Mark
Name the purines present in DNA.
Answer
View full question & answer→Adenine and guanine.
Question 771 Mark
Structures of glycine and alanine are given below. Show the peptide linkage in glycylalanine. $\text{H}_{2}\text{N}-\text{CH}_{2}-\text{COOH} :\text{H}_2\text{N}-\text{CH}_2-\text{COOH}\\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ |\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{CH}_3$
Answer
The carboxyl group of glycine and amino group of alanine when combines together, they form glycylalanine through a peptide (-CO – NH) linkage.
View full question & answer→The carboxyl group of glycine and amino group of alanine when combines together, they form glycylalanine through a peptide (-CO – NH) linkage.
Question 781 Mark
Among B group vitamins $B_1, B_2, B_6$ and $B_{12} $ which vitamin can be stored in our body?
Answer
View full question & answer→Vitamin $B_{12}.$
Question 791 Mark
How do you explain the presence of all the six carbon atoms in glucose in a straight chain?
Answer
View full question & answer→On prolonged heating with HI, glucose gives n-hexane.
$\text{Glucose}\ \xrightarrow{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{HI} }\text{CH}_{3}-\text{CH}_{2}-\text{CH}_{2}-\text{CH}_{2}-\text{CH}_{3}$
$\text{Glucose}\ \xrightarrow{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{HI} }\text{CH}_{3}-\text{CH}_{2}-\text{CH}_{2}-\text{CH}_{2}-\text{CH}_{3}$
Question 801 Mark
Write IUPAC names of the following compounds and classify them into primary, secondary and tertiary amines.
$(CH3)_3CNH_2$
$(CH3)_3CNH_2$
Answer
View full question & answer→$(CH_3)_3CNH_2$
Tert-butylamine (primary amine)
Tert-butylamine (primary amine)
Question 811 Mark
How do you explain the presence of an aldehydic group in a glucose molecule?
Answer
View full question & answer→Glucose gets oxidised to six carbon carboxylic acid (gluconic acid) on reaction with a mild oxidising agent like bromine water. This indicates that the carbonyl group is present as an aldehydic group.
$\ \text{CHO} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{COOH} \\ \ \ {|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {|} \\ \text{(CHOH)}_4 \xrightarrow{\text{Br}_2/\text{H}_2\text{O}}(\text{CHOH})_4\\ \ \ {|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {|} \\ \ \text{CH}_2\text{OH} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{CH}_2\text{OH} \\ \text{Glucose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{Glucose acid}$
$\ \text{CHO} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{COOH} \\ \ \ {|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {|} \\ \text{(CHOH)}_4 \xrightarrow{\text{Br}_2/\text{H}_2\text{O}}(\text{CHOH})_4\\ \ \ {|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {|} \\ \ \text{CH}_2\text{OH} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{CH}_2\text{OH} \\ \text{Glucose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{Glucose acid}$
Question 821 Mark
Activation energy for the acid catalysed hydrolysis of sucrose is $6.22kJ\ mol^{–1},$ while the activation energy is only $2.15kJ\ mol^{–1}$ when hydrolysis is catalysed by the enzyme sucrase. Explain.
Answer
View full question & answer→Enzymes are biocatalysts. They reduce the magnitude of activation energy by providing alternative path. In the hydrolysis of sucrose, the enzyme sucrase reduces the activation energy from $6.22kJ\ mol^{-1}$ to $2.15kJ\ mol^{-1}$. As a result, enzyme catalysed reactions occur at a much faster rate than the ordinary chemical reactions using conventional catalysts.
Question 831 Mark
Write IUPAC name of the following compounds and classify them into primary, secondary and tertiary amines.
$(CH_3CH_2)_2NCH_3$
$(CH_3CH_2)_2NCH_3$
Answer
View full question & answer→$(CH_3CH_2)_2 NCH_3$
N - Ethyl - N - methylethanamine $(3^\circ$ amine$)$
N - Ethyl - N - methylethanamine $(3^\circ$ amine$)$
Question 841 Mark
Give the chemical name of Vitamin $B_{12}.$
Answer
View full question & answer→Cyanocobalamin.
Question 851 Mark
Under what conditions glucose is converted to gluconic and saccharic acid?
Answer
View full question & answer→Glucose is converted to gluconic acid by $Br_2$ water and to saccharic acid by cone $HNO_3.$
$\ \text{CHO} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{COOH} \\ \ \ {|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {|} \\ \text{(CHOH)}_4 + \text{O} \xrightarrow{\text{Br}_2/\text{H}_2\text{O}}(\text{CHOH})_4\\ \ \ {|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {|} \\ \ \text{CH}_2\text{OH} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{CH}_2\text{OH} \\ \text{Glucose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{Gluconoc acid}$
$\ \text{CHO} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{COOH} \\ \ \ {|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {|} \\ \text{(CHOH)}_4 +3[ \text{O}] \xrightarrow{\text{Br}_2/\text{H}_2\text{O}}(\text{CHOH})_4\\ \ \ {|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {|} \\ \ \text{CH}_2\text{OH} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{CH}_2\text{OH} \\ \text{Glucose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{Saccharic acid}$
$\ \text{CHO} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{COOH} \\ \ \ {|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {|} \\ \text{(CHOH)}_4 + \text{O} \xrightarrow{\text{Br}_2/\text{H}_2\text{O}}(\text{CHOH})_4\\ \ \ {|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {|} \\ \ \text{CH}_2\text{OH} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{CH}_2\text{OH} \\ \text{Glucose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{Gluconoc acid}$
$\ \text{CHO} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{COOH} \\ \ \ {|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {|} \\ \text{(CHOH)}_4 +3[ \text{O}] \xrightarrow{\text{Br}_2/\text{H}_2\text{O}}(\text{CHOH})_4\\ \ \ {|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {|} \\ \ \text{CH}_2\text{OH} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{CH}_2\text{OH} \\ \text{Glucose} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{Saccharic acid}$
Question 861 Mark
During curdling of milk, what happens to sugar present in it?
Answer
View full question & answer→When milk is curdeled, its sugar get oxidize to form lactic acid.
Question 871 Mark
Deficiency of which vitamin causes beri-beri and pain in joints?
Answer
View full question & answer→Vitamin $B_1.$
Question 881 Mark
The deficiency of which vitamin causes the disease 'pernicious anaemia'?
Answer
View full question & answer→Vitamin $B_{12}.$
Question 891 Mark
What are glycosidic linkages? In which type of biomolecules are they present?
Answer
View full question & answer→The two monosaccharides are joined together by an oxide linkage formed by the loss of a water molecule. Such a linkage between two monosaccharides is held together by a glycosidic linkage between $C_1$ of and $C_2$. Since the reducing groups of glucose and fructose are involved in glycosidic bond formation, between two monosaccharide units through oxygen atom is called glycosidic linkage.
Question 901 Mark
Why must vitamin C be supplied regularly in diet?
Answer
View full question & answer→Vitamin C are soluble in water. Water soluble vitamins must be supplied regularly in diet because they are readily excreted in urine and cannot be stored in our body.
Question 911 Mark
Give one example of a denaturated protein.
Answer
View full question & answer→Curdling of milk.
Question 921 Mark
Deficiency of which vitamin causes scurvy?
Answer
View full question & answer→Vitamin C.
Question 931 Mark
What is the structural feature characterising reducing sugars?
Answer
View full question & answer→The main structural feature of reducing sugars is the presence of an aldehyde group (-CHO) such as in glucose, mannose, galactose, etc. or a-ketol group (-CO- CH2OH) as present in fructose.
Question 941 Mark
Name two of the different types of RNA molecules found in the cells of organisms.
Answer
View full question & answer→Messenger RNA (mRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA).
Question 951 Mark
Among the amino acids phenylalanine, glutamine and alanine which one is an essential amino acid?
Answer
View full question & answer→Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid.
Question 961 Mark
What are the ultimate products of digestion of proteins?
Answer
View full question & answer→Amino acids.
Question 971 Mark
Which polysaccharide is stored in the liver of animals?
Answer
View full question & answer→Glycogen.