Chemistry M.C.Q (1 Marks)

The effect of temperature on solubility depends on the type of reaction that occurs during the process of dissolving the solute in the solvent. In endothermic reactions, increasing the temperature increases the solubility of the solute in a solution. In exothermic reactions, increasing the temperature decreases the solubility of the solute.

At all concentration levels, Ideal Solution follows Raoult’s law.

Partial pressure is the pressure exerted by a single component in a gaseous mixture if it exists alone in the same volume.

Each Granulated sugar is touched with water so exposed surface is highest from others so its solubility is highest.

Vapour pressure will be the same because it doesn't depend on the volume it depends only on Temperature.

Crystallization is the process of the formation of solid crystals precipitating from a solution.
In an unsaturated solution, the rate of dissolution of a solute in a volatile liquid solvent is greater than the rate of crystallization.
In a supersaturated solution, the rate of dissolution of a solute in a volatile liquid solvent is less than the rate of crystallization.
At equilibrium, the rate of dissolution of a solute in a volatile liquid solvent is equal to the rate of crystallization.

The solution is made up of two components that is solute and solvent.

Colligative properties depend upon the number of solute particles in the solution and independent of its nature.

Solute particles leave the solution and form a crystalline precipitate when a solute crystal is added to a supersaturated solution. Seeding refers to the addition of the solute crystal.

The vapour pressure of the liquid in the vessel is same as what would be if the glass plate were removed. Vapour pressure is characteristic property of a solvent at a temperature.

At the same temperature and pressure, the volume occupied by a single gas alone in a combination is a portion of a volume.

When two perfect solutions are mixed, there is no change in volume.

When a solution is diluted at a constant temperature, its vapour pressure increases.
When the solution is diluted, the mole fraction of solute decreases and the mole fraction of solvent increases.
Hence, the relative lowering in vapour pressure decreases and the vapor pressure increases.

Solubility of a solid in liquid does not depend upon pressure since solid and liquids are almost incompressible.

When small amount of solute is added to its solution and it does not dissolve and get precipitated then this solution is supersaturated solution.

Relative lowering of vapour pressure. The vapour pressure of a liquid is the pressure of the vapor which is in equilibrium with that liquid. The vapour pressure of a solvent is lowered when a non-volatile solute is dissolved in it to form a solution.

The molecules of a gas are in a state of random motion. They continuously collide against the walls of the container. Even at ordinary temperature and pressure, the number of molecular collisions with walls is very large. During each collision, certain momentum is transferred to the walls of the container. The pressure exerted by the gas is due to continuous bombardment of gas molecules against the walls of the container. Due to this continuous bombardment, the walls of the container experience a continuous force which is equal to the total momentum imparted to the walls per second. The average force experienced per unit area of the walls of the container determines the pressure exerted by the gas. This should be clear from the fact that although the molecule collisions are random, the pressure remains constant.