case /data -based (4 Marks)

Question 14 Marks

Our planet earth is not a sphere. It is sliehtlv flattened at the North and the South Poles and bulges in the middle. Can you imagine how it looks? You may look at a globe carefully in your classroom to get an idea. Globe is a true model (miniature form) of the earth. On the globe, countries, continents and oceans are shown in their correct size. It is difficult to describe the location of a point on a sphere like the earth, a needle is fixed through the globe in a tilted manner, which is called its axis. Two points on the globe through which the needle passes are two poles – North Pole and South Pole. The globe can be moved around this needle from west to east just as the earth moves. But, remember there is a major difference. The real earth has no such needle. It moves around its axis, which is an imaginary line. Another imaginary line running on the globe divides it into two equal parts. This line is known as the Equator. The northern half of the earth is known as the Northern Hemisphere and the southern half is known as the Southern Hemisphere. They are both equal halves. Therefore, the equator is an imaginary circular line and is a very important reference point to locate places on the earth. All parallel circles from the Equator up to the poles are called parallels of latitudes. Latitudes are measured in degrees.
Q.1.Which among the following are shown on the globe in their true size?
(a) Countries $\quad$ (b) Continents $\quad$ (c) Oceans $\quad$ (d) All of these
Q.2.A needle fixed through the globe in a tilted manner is called as:
(a) orbit $\quad$ (b) axis $\quad$ (c) latitude $\quad$ (d) longitude
Q.3.An imaginary line that divides globe into two equal parts is known as:
(a) Tropic of Cancer $\quad$ (b) Arctic Circle $\quad$ (c) Tropic of Capricorn $\quad$ (d) Equator
Q.4.Northern half of the earth is known as:
(a) Northern hemisphere
(b) Southern hemisphere
(c) Equator
(d) None of the above

Answer

1.D. All of these
Explanation.
Globe is a true model (miniature form) of the earth. On the globe, countries, continents and oceans are shown in their correct size.
2.B. axis
Explanation.
A needle is fixed through the globe in a tilted manner, which is called its axis. Two points on the globe through which the needle passes are two poles – North Pole and South Pole.
3.D. Equator
Explanation.
Imaginary line running on the globe dividing it into two equal parts. This line is known as the Equator.
4.A. Northern hemisphere
Explanation.
Imaginary line running on the globe divides it into two equal parts. This line is known as the Equator. The northern half of the earth is known as the Northern Hemisphere.

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Question 24 Marks

A globe can be useful when we want to study the earth as a whole. But, when we want to study only a part of the earth, as about our country, states, districts, towns and villages, it is of little help. In such a situation we use maps. A map is a representation or a drawing of the earth’s surface or a part of it drawn on a flat surface according to a scale. But it is impossible to flatten a round shape completely. We find that maps are useful to us for various purposes. One map shows a small area and a few facts. Another map may contain as many facts as a big book. When many maps are put together we get an Atlas. Atlas is of various sizes, measurements drawn on different scales. Maps provide more information than a globe. They are of different types. Some of them are described below. Maps showing natural features of the earth such as mountains, plateaus, plains, rivers, oceans, etc., are called physical or relief maps. Maps showing cities, towns and villages, and different countries and states of the world with their boundaries are called political maps. Some maps focus on specific information, such as road maps, rainfall maps, maps showing distribution of forests, industries, etc., are known as thematic maps. Suitable titles are given on the basis of information provided in these maps.
Q.1.__________ is the representation of the earth’s surface drawn on a flat surface according to a scale,
(a) Map $\quad$ (b) Globe $\quad$ (c) Plan $\quad$ (d) Scale
Q.2.Atlas is known as:
(a) Globe
(b) Collection of different maps
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above
Q.3.Which maps show the natural features of the earth such as mountains, plateaus, plains, rivers, oceans, etc.?
(a) Physical maps
(b) Relief maps
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Q.4.What does political map show?
(a) It shows natural features of the earth
(b) It shows cities, towns and villages with boundaries
(c) It shows rainfall, distribution of forests, etc.
(d) None of the above

Answer

1.A. Map
Explanation.
A map is a representation or a drawing of the earth’s surface or a part of it drawn on a flat surface according to a scale.
2.B. Collection of different maps
Explanation.
When many maps are put together we get an Atlas. Atlases are of various sizes, measurements drawn on different scales.
3.C. Both (a) and (b)
Explanation.
Maps showing natural features of the earth such as mountains, plateaus, plains, rivers, oceans, etc., are called physical or relief maps.
4.B. It shows cities, towns and villages with boundaries
Explanation.
Maps showing cities, towns and villages, and different countries and states of the world with their boundaries are called political maps.

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Social Studies case /data -based (4 Marks)

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