Science M.C.Q-[Bio-1M]

2. Endodermis

2. Calcium and magnesium.

Explanation:

The matrix of bone is made up of proteins and is heavily coated with salts of calcium and phosphorous. These minerals make the bone very tough.

4. Sclerenchyma

Explanation:

Sclerenchyma is the tissue that makes the plant hard and stiff.

It is the supporting tissue in plants and is composed of dead cells with highly thickened cell walls (due to extensive deposition of lignin).

Two types of sclerenchyma cells exist: fibres and sclereids.

Sclerenchyma fibres are of great economic importance since they constitute the source material for many fabrics (e.g. flax, hemp, jute, etc).

1. Ligament.

Explanation:

Ligament is a dense connective tissue which connects a bone with bone.

1. Axon.

Explanation:

Axon is long, branch process of neuron which carries impulses away from cyton.

2. Phloem fibres.

Explanation:

Phloem fibres are the dead element of phloem. Phloem tissue consists of conducting cells, generally called sieve elements, parenchyma cells, including both specialized companion cells or albuminous cells and unspecialized cells and supportive cells, such as fibres and sclereids.

4. Epithelial

Explanation:

An epithelium is a tissue composed of one or more layer of cells covering the external surface and internal body organs.

1. Actin and myosin

3. Tracheids and vessels.

3. Monocytes

4. Cellulose

Explanation:

The cell wall of meristematic cell is thin and made up of cellulose.

1. Meristematic cells.

Explanation:

Permanent tissues formed by meristematic tissues take up a specific role and lose the ability to divide further.

1. Dense connective tissue.

Explanation:

Tendons and ligaments are dense connective tissue.

2. A muscle with a bone.

Explanation:

Tendon is a form of dense connective tissue which connects a muscle with a bone.

2. A muscle with bone.

Explanation:

Tendon is a fibrous (dense) connective tissue which connects a muscle with a bone.

2. Conducting tissue.

Explanation:

It is because of conducing tissues that plants are able to take up water from soil. Thus, plants could be able to survive in terrestrial environment where availability of water can be a major issue.

2. Conducting tissue

4. All of the above.

Explanation:

Striated muscle tissue is a muscle tissue that features repeating functional units called sarcomeres.

Cardiac muscle cells are located in the walls of the heart, appear striated, and are under involuntary control.

1. Guard cells

4. All the above.

Explanation:

Smooth muscles are found in alimentary canal and blood vessels. The movement of food in the alimentary canal or the contraction and relaxation of blood vessels are involuntary movement.

4. Spindle-shaped, unbranched, uninuclear non-striated and involuntary.

Explanation:

Smooth muscle cells are spindle shaped, have a single, centrally located nucleus, and lack striations. They are called involuntary muscles.

2. Parenchyma, collenchymas and sclerenchyma.

Explanation:

Simple tissues are made up of only one type of cells. There are three types of simple tissue occur in plants: Parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma.

1. One cell thick

Explanation:

Epithelial tissue that is only one cell thick is called the simple epithelium.

Simple squamous, simple cuboidal, simple columnar and simple pseudostratified are four types of simple epithelium.

Epithelium that is two or more cells thick is called the stratified epithelium.

3. Cemented directly to one another to form an irregular layer.

3. Cemented directly to one another to form a single layer.

Explanation:

Epithelial tissue cells are tightly packed and form a continuous sheet. They have only a small amount of cementing material between them and almost no intercellular spaces.

4. Phloem

1. Dendrites

Explanation:

Each neuron has a single long part, called th axon and many short, branched parts called dendrites.

3. Tendons are non-fibrous tissue and fragile.

Explanation:

A tendon is a white fibrous tissue which has great strength but limited flexibility. It consists of parallel bundles of collagen fibres, between which are present, rows of fibroblasts (called tendinocytes).

3. Cardiac muscles of heart.

Explanation:

Cardiac muscles show rhythmic contraction and relaxation.

2. Dicotyledonous.

4. Conducting tissue.

Explanation:

The conducting tissues in plants conduct different saps and have different structures.The primary conducting tissues of plants are xylem and phloem. Xylem conducts water from roots to the other parts of the plant, whereas phloem transports food and other material from the leaves to other parts of plants.

2. Division of labour.

Explanation:

In unicellular organisms, a single cell performs all basic functions. For example, in Amoeba. But in multicellular organisms (e.g., human), there are millions of cells. Most of these cells are specialised to carry out a few functions. Each specialised function is taken by a different group of cells or tissue. Thus, multicellular organisms show division of labour.

4. Exosmosis.

Explanation:

When a cell is placed in hypertonic solution, it loses water through exosmosis and shrinks the cell content away from the cell wall. This phenomenon is known as plasmolysis.

2. 55%

Explanation:

Blood consists of plasma (55%) and blood corpuscles (45%).

1. Apical meristems.

Explanation:

The meristem which occurs at the growing tips of roots and shoots and increases the length of the stem and root is called apical meristem.

3. More in vein and less in artery

Explanation:

pH of blood is more in the vein as compared to that in the artery as the plasma of the vein contains deoxygenated blood and dissolved CO_2​ in the form of bicarbonate ions.

These ions increase the alkalinity of the plasma, therefore the pH value of blood is greater in the vein as to that of the artery

So, the correct answer is 'More in vein and less in artery'

3. Both of these.

Explanation:

Phloem is made up of four types of elements:

Sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibres and the phloem parenchyma.

1. Conduction of food.

Explanation:

Phloem is a complex tissue in the plant which conducts water from leaves to the other parts of the plant.

1. Conduction of food.

Explanation:

Pholem is mainly responsible for the conduction or transport of organic food prepared by the plant.

4. All the above.

Explanation:

The tissues formed by meristematic tissues take up a specific role and lose the ability to divide further. As a result, they form a permanent tissue. This process of taking up a permanent shape, size, and a function is called differentiation. Cells of meristematic tissue differentiate to form different types of permanent tissue.

1. Squamous epithelium.

Explanation:

Squamous epithelium is also called pavement epithelium as it is made up of single thin layer of flattened cells.

3. Simple squamous epithelium

Explanation:

Simple squamous cells have the appearance of thin, flat plates.

They have horizontal flattened, elliptical nuclei because of the thin flattened form of the cell.

As they consist of a single layer or flattened sac-like cells, it resembles 'pavement' and hence, simple squamous cells are called 'pavement epithelium'.

2. Endodermis

3. Chlorenchyma

Explanation:

Parenchyma which contains chlorophyll and takes part in photosynthesis, is called chlorenchyma.

3. Complex

2. Simple tissue

Explanation:

Parenchyma is a type of simple permanent tissue. It is present in soft parts of the plant like cortex, pith, palisade and some parts of the flower.

1. Relatively unspecified and thin walled.

Explanation:

Parenchyma cells form the bulk of the plant body. Its cells are living and they possess the power of division. The cells are rounded or isodiametric, i.e., equally expanded on all sides. The cells are oval, round, polygonal or elongated in shape with a thin cell wall. It encloses a dense cytoplasm, which contains small nucleus and surrounds large central vacoule.

3. Bast fibers.

Explanation:

Phleom is composed of four types of elements i.e., sieve tubes, campanion cells, phloem parenchyma and phloem fibers or best fibers. All type of cells are living except best fibers.

2. Mature sieve tube

3. Striated muscles.

Explanation:

Nucleus is located at the periphery in striated muscles.