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Question 12 Marks
There are $500$ children in a school. For a $P.T.$ drill they have to stands in such a manner that the number of rows is equal to number of columns. How many children would be left out in this arrangement.
Answer
Let the number of rows be $x$
Then the number of columns in $x$
So, the number of plants is $x$ $\times$ $x = x^2$
which is a perfect square.
Let us find out the square root of $500$ by division method.

We get the remainder $16$. It shows that $22^2$ is less than $500$ by $16$.
This means that $16$ children would be left out in this arrangement.
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Question 22 Marks
A gardener has $1000$ plants. He wants to plant these in such a way that the number of rows and the number of columns remain same. Find the minimum number of plants he needs more for this.
Answer
Let the number of rows be $x$
Then the number of columns in $x$
So, the number of plants is $x$ $\times$ $x = x^2$
which is a perfect square.
Let us find out the square root of $1000$ by division method.

This shows that $31^2< 1000.$
Next perfect square number is $32^2= 1024.$
Hence, the minimum number of plants he needs more for this $= 1024 – 1000 = 24$.
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Question 32 Marks
In a right triangle $ABC$, $\angle B = 90^{\circ}$. If $AC = 13\ cm, BC = 5\ cm$, find $AB$.
Answer

It is given that $\triangle \mathrm{ABC}$ is right-angled at $B$
Pythagoras Theorem: In a right angles triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of squares of the other two sides.
Therefore, by using Pythagoras theorem, we get:
$A C^{2}=A B^{2}+B C^{2}$
$13 ^{2}={AB}^{2}+5^{2}$
$\Rightarrow$$\mathrm{AB}^{2}=169 -25 $
$\mathrm{AB}^{2}=144 $
$\Rightarrow$$\mathrm{AB}=\sqrt{144} $
$AB = 12$
Therefore, $AB = 12\ cm$
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Question 42 Marks
In a right triangle $ABC$, $\angle$$B = 90^\circ$. If $AB = 6\ cm, BC = 8\ cm$, find $AC$.
Answer
In the right triangle $ABC$,
$\because $ $\angle$$B = 90^\circ . . . .$ [given]
$\therefore$ By Pythagoras theorem
$AC^2= AB^2+ BC^2$
$\therefore$ $AC^2= 6^2+ 8^2$
$\therefore$ $AC^2= 36 + 64$
$\therefore$ $AC^2= 100$
$\therefore$ AC = $\sqrt {100} $

Therefore, $\sqrt {100} = 10$.
Hence, $AC$ is equal to $10\ cm$.
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Question 52 Marks
Find the length of the side of a square where area is 441 $m^2$.
Answer
Area of the square = 441 $m^2$
$\therefore$ Length of the side of the square $ = \sqrt {441} m$

Therefore, $ = \sqrt {441} = 21$.
Hence, the length of the side of the square is $21\ m$.
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Question 62 Marks
Find the least number which must be added to $6412$ so as to get a perfect square. Also find the square root of the perfect square so obtained.
Answer


This shows that $80^2< 6412$
Next perfect square is $81^2= 6561$
Hence, the number to be added is $81^2– 6412 = 6561 – 6412 = 149$
Therefore, the perfect square so obtained is $6412 + 149 = 6561$
Hence, $\sqrt {6561} = 81$.
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Question 72 Marks
Find the least number which must be added to $1825$ so as to get a perfect square. Also find the square root of the perfect square so obtained.
Answer


This shows that $42^2< 1825$
Next perfect square is $43^2= 1849$
Hence, the number to be added is $43^2– 1825 = 1849 – 1825 = 24$
Therefore, the perfect square so obtained is $1825 + 24 = 1849$
Hence, $\sqrt {1849}$ $= 43$.
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Question 82 Marks
Find the least number which must be added to $252$ so as to get a perfect square. Also find the square root of the perfect square so obtained.
Answer


This shows that $15^2< 252$
Next perfect square is $16^2= 256$
Hence, the number to be added is $16^2– 252 = 256 – 252 = 4$
Therefore, the perfect square so obtained is $252 + 4 = 256$.
Hence, $\sqrt {256} $ $= 16$.
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Question 92 Marks
Find the least number which must be added to $1750$ so as to get a perfect square. Also find the square root of the perfect square so obtained.
Answer


This shows that $41^2< 1750$
Next perfect square is $42^2 = 1764$
Hence, the number to be added is $42^2– 1750 = 1764 – 1750 = 14$
Therefore, the perfect square so obtained is $1750 + 14 = 176$4.
Hence, $\sqrt {1764} $$= 42$.
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Question 102 Marks
Find the least number which must be added to $525$ so as to get a perfect square. Also find the square root of the perfect square so obtained.
Answer


This shows that $22^2< 525.$
Next perfect square is $23^2= 529.$
Hence, the number to be added is $23^2– 525 = 529 – 525 = 4$
Therefore, the perfect square so obtained is $525 + 4 = 529$.
Hence, $\sqrt {529} $$=23$.
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Question 112 Marks
Find the least number which must be subtracted from $4000$ so as to get a perfect square. Also find the square root of the perfect square so obtained.
Answer


This shows that $63^2$ is less than $4000$ by $31$. This means, if we subtract the remainder from the number, we get a perfect square, So, the required least number is $31$.
Therefore, the required perfect square is $4000 – 31 = 3969$.
Hence, $\sqrt {3969}$$=63$.
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Question 292 Marks
Find the smallest whole number with which $1620$ should be divided so as to get a perfect square. Also, find the square root of the square number so obtained.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $1620 is 1620 = 2 \times   2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 5$
We see that prime factor $5$ has no pair. So, if we divide $1620$ by $5$, then we get

$1620 = 2$ $  \times  2   \times  3   \times  3   \times  3   \times  3$
Now each factor has a pair.
Therefore, $\frac{1620}{5}$ $= 324$ is a perfect square.

$324 = 2   \times 2 \times  3 \times 3  \times  3  \times 3$
$\sqrt{324}$ $= 18$
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Question 302 Marks
Find the smallest whole number with which $2800$ should be divided so as to get a perfect square. Also find the square root of the square number so obtained.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $2800$ is $2800$ $= 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 5 \times 5 \times 7$
We see that prime factor $7$ has no pair.
So, if we divide $2800$ by $7$, then we get

$2800$ $\div$ $7 = 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 5 \times 5$
Now each factor has a pair. Therefore, $2800$ $\div$ $7 = 400$ is a perfect square. Thus, the required smallest number is $7$.
Hence, $\sqrt {400} $ =$ 2$ $\times$ $2$ $\times$ $5 = 20$.
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Question 312 Marks
Find the smallest whole number with which $2645$ should be divided so as to get a perfect square. Also find the square root of the square number so obtained.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $2645$ is $2645 = 5$ $\times$ $23$ $\times$ $23$.
We see that prime factor $5$ has no pair. So, if we divide $2645$ by $5$, then we get

$\frac{2645 }{ 5}$ $= 23$ $\times$ $23$
Now the only prime factor $23$ has a pair. Therefore, $\frac{2645 }{ 5}$ $= 529$ is a perfect square. Thus the required smallest number is $5$.
Hence, $\sqrt {529} $ $= 23$.
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Question 322 Marks
Find the smallest whole number with which $396$ should be divided so as to get a perfect square. Also find the square root of the square number so obtained.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $396$ is $396 = 2 \times 2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 11$
We see that prime factor $11$ has no pair. So, if we divide $396$ by $11$, then we get

$\frac {396 }{ 11}$$= 2 \times 2 \times 3 \times 3$
Now each prime factor has a pair. Therefore, $\frac {396 }{ 11}$ $= 36$ is a perfect square. Thus, the required smallest number is $11$.
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Question 332 Marks
Find the smallest whole number with which $2925$ should be divided so as to get a perfect square. Also find the square root of the square number so obtained.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $252$ is $252 = 3$ $\times$ $3$ $\times$ $5$ $\times$ $5$ $\times$ $13$
We see that prime factor $13$ has no pair. So, if we divide $2925$ by $13$, then we get

$\frac {2925 }{ 13}$$= 3 \times 3 \times 5 \times 5$
Now each prime factor has a pair. Therefore, $\frac {2925 }{ 13}$ $= 225$ is a perfect square.
Thus, the required smallest number is $13$.
Hence, $\sqrt {225} $ $= 3$ $\times$ $5 = 15$.
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Question 342 Marks
Find the smallest whole number with which $252$ should be divided so as to get a perfect square. Also find the square root of the square number so obtained.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $252$ is $252 = 2$ $\times$ $2$ $\times$ $3$ $\times$ $3$ $\times$ $7$
We see that prime factor $7$ has no pair. So, if we divide $252$ by $7$, then we get

$\frac {252 }{ 7}$ $= 2$ $\times$ $2$ $\times$ $3$ $\times$ $3$
Now each prime factor has a pair. Therefore, $\frac {252 }{ 7}$ $= 36$ is a perfect square.
Thus, the required smallest number is $7$.
Hence, $\sqrt {36} $ $= 2$ $\times$ $3 = 6$.
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Question 352 Marks
Find the smallest whole number with which $768$ should be multiplied so as to get perfect square number. Also find the square root of the square number so obtained.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $768$ is $768 = 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 3$
As the prime factor $3$ has no pair, $768$ is not a perfect square.
If $3$ gets a pair, then the number will be a perfect square.
So, we multiply $768$ by $3$ to get

$768 \times 3 = 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times3 \times 3$
Now each prime factor has a pair. Therefore, $768$ $\times$ $3 = 2304$ is a perfect square.
Thus the required smallest number is $3$.
Thus, $\sqrt {2304} $$= 48$.
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Question 362 Marks
Find the smallest whole number with which $1458$ should be multiplied so as to get perfect square number. Also find the square root of the square number so obtained.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $1458$ is $1458 = 2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3$
As the prime factor $2$ has no pair, $1458$ is not a perfect square.
If $2$ gets a pair, then the number will be a perfect square.
So, we multiply $1458$ by $2$ to get

$1458 \times 2 = 2 \times 2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3$
Now each prime factor has a pair.
Therefore, $1458 \times 2 = 2916$ is a perfect square.
Thus the required smallest number is $2$.
Thus, $\sqrt {2916} $ $= 2$ $\times$ $3$ $\times$ $3$ $\times$ $3 = 54$
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Question 372 Marks
Find the smallest whole number with which $2028$ should be multiplied so as to get perfect square number. Also find the square root of the square number so obtained.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $2028$ is $2028 = 2 \times 2 \times 3 \times 13 \times 13$
As the prime factor $3$ has no pair, $2028$ is not a perfect square.
If $3$ gets a pair, then the number will be a perfect square. So, we multiply $2028$ by $3$ to get

$2028$ $\times$ $3 = 2 \times 2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 13 \times 13$
Now each prime factor has a pair.
Therefore, $2028$ $\times$ $3 = 6084$ is a perfect square.
Thus the required smallest number is $3$.
Thus, $\sqrt {6084} $ $= 2$ $\times$ $3$ $\times$ $13 = 78$.
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Question 382 Marks
Find the smallest whole number with which $1008$ should be multiplied so as to get perfect square number. Also find the square root of the square number so obtained.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $1008$ is $1008 = 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 7$
As the prime factor$ 7$ has no pair, $1008$ is not a perfect square.
If 7 gets a pair, then the number will be a perfect square. So, we multiply $1008$ by $7$ to get

$1008 \times 7 = 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 7 \times 7$
Now each prime factor has a pair. Therefore, $1008 \times 7 = 7056$ is a perfect square. Thus the required smallest number is$ 7.$
Thus,$ \sqrt {7056} = 2 \times 2 \times 3 \times 7 = 87.$
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Question 392 Marks
Find the smallest whole number with which $180$ should be multiplied so as to get perfect square number. Also find the square root of the square number so obtained.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $180$ is $180 = 2 \times 2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 5$
As the prime factor $5$ has no pair, $180$ is not a perfect square.
If $5$ gets a pair, then the number will be a perfect square. So, we multiply $180$ by $5$ to get

$180 \times 5 = 2 \times 2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 5 \times 5$
No each prime factor has a pair. Therefore, $180 \times 5 = 900$ is a perfect square.
Thus the required smallest number is $5$.
Thus, $\sqrt {900} = 2 \times 3 \times 5 = 30$.
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Question 402 Marks
Find the smallest whole number with which $252$ should be multiplied so as to get perfect square number. Also find the square root of the square number so obtained.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $252$ is $252 = 2 \times 2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 7$
As the prime factor $7$ has no pair, $252$ is not a perfect square.
If $7$ gets a pair, then the number will be a perfect square. So, we multiply $252$ by $7$ to get

$252 \times 7 = 2 \times 2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 7 \times 7$
Now each prime factor has a pair.
Therefore, $252 \times 7 = 1764$ is a perfect square.
Thus the required smallest number is $7$.
Thus, $\sqrt {1764} = 2 \times 3 \times 7 = 42$
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Question 412 Marks
Find the square root of $529$ by the Prime Factorisation Method.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $529$ is
$529 = 23$ $\times $ $23$
By pairing the prime factors, we get

$529 = 23$ $\times $ $23$
So, $\sqrt {529} $ $= 23$
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Question 422 Marks
Find the square root of $9216$ by the Prime Factorisation Method.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $9216$ is
$9216 = 2  \times  2 \times  2 \times  2 \times  2 \times  2 \times  2 \times  2 \times  2 \times  2 \times   3 \times  3$
By pairing the prime factors, we get

$9216 = 2 \times  2 \times  2 \times  2 \times  2 \times  2 \times  2 \times  2 \times  2 \times  2 \times   3 \times  3$
So,  $\sqrt {9216}  = 2 \times  2  \times 2 \times  2 \times  2 \times 3$
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Question 432 Marks
Find the square root of $5929$ by the Prime Factorisation Method.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $5929$ is
$5929 = 7 \times 7 \times 11 \times 11$
By pairing the prime factors, we get

$5929 = 7 \times 7 \times 11 \times 11$
So, $\sqrt {5929} = 7 \times 11 = 77$
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Question 442 Marks
Find the square root of $9604$ by the Prime Factorisation Method.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $9604$ is
$9604 = 2 \times 2 \times 7 \times 7 \times 7 \times 7$
By pairing the prime factors, we get

$9604 = 2 \times 2 \times 7 \times 7 \times 7 \times 7$
So, $\sqrt {9604} = 2 \times 7 \times 7 = 98$
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Question 452 Marks
Find the square root of $7744$ by the Prime Factorisation Method.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $7744$ is
$7744 = 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 11 \times 11$
By pairing the prime factors, we get

$7744 = 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 11 \times 11$
So, $\sqrt {7744} = 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 11 = 88$
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Question 462 Marks
Find the square root of $4096$ by the Prime Factorisation Method.
Answer
$4096$
The prime factorisation of $4096$ is
$4096 = 2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2$
By pairing the prime factors, we get

$4096 = 2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2$
So,   $\sqrt {4096}   = 2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2   \times  2 = 64$
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Question 472 Marks
Find the square root of $1764$ by the Prime Factorisation Method.
Answer
$1764$
The prime factorisation of $1764$ is
$1764 = 2 \times 2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 7 \times 7$
By pairing the prime factors, we get

$1764 = 2 \times 2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 7 \times 7$
So, $\sqrt {1764} = 2 \times 3 \times 7= 42$
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Question 482 Marks
Find the square root of $400$ by the Prime Factorisation Method.
Answer
$400$
The prime factorisation of $400$ is
$400 = 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 5 \times 5$
By pairing the prime factors, we get
$400 = 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 5 \times 5$

Therefore, $\sqrt {400} = 2 \times 2 \times 5 = 20$
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Question 492 Marks
Find the square root of $8100$ by the Prime Factorisation Method.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $8100$ is
$8100 = 2 \times 2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 5 \times 5 $
By pairing the prime factors, we get

$8100 = 2 \times 2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 5 \times 5$
So, $\sqrt {8100}  = 2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 5 = 90.$
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Question 502 Marks
Find the square root of $729$ by the Prime Factorisation Method.
Answer
The prime factorisation of $729$ is
$729 = 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3$
By pairing the prime factors, we get
$729 = 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3 \times 3$

So, $\sqrt {729} = 3 \times 3 \times 3 = 27$
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Question 512 Marks
Find the square of $46$
Answer
$46 = 40 + 6$
Therefore, $46^2= (40 + 6)^2$
$= 1600 + 240 + 240 + 36$
$= 2116$
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Question 522 Marks
Find the square of $71$
Answer
$71$
$71 = 70 + 1$
Therefore, $71^2= (70 + 1)^2$
$= 4900 + 70 + 70 + 1$
$= 5041$
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Question 532 Marks
Find the square of $93$
Answer
$93 = 90 +3$
Therefore, $93^2= (90 + 3)^2$
$= 8100 + 270 + 270 + 9$
$= 8649$
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Question 542 Marks
Find the square of $86$
Answer
$86 = 80 +6$
Therefore, $86^2= (80 + 6)^2$
$= 6400 + 480 + 480 +36$
$= 7396$
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Question 552 Marks
Find the square of $35$
Answer
$35 = 30 + 5$
Therefore, $35^2= (30 + 5)^2$
$= 900 + 150 + 150 +25$
$= 1225$
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Question 562 Marks
Find the square of $32$
Answer
$32 = 30 + 2$
Therefore, $32^2= (30 + 2)^2$
$= 900 + 2$$\times$$60 + 4$
$= 1024$
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Question 572 Marks
How many number lie between square of the $99$ and $100?$
Answer
Here, $n = 99$
$\therefore $ $2n = 2$ $\times $ $99 = 198$
So, $198$ numbers lie between squares of the numbers $99$ and $100$.
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Question 582 Marks
How many number lie between square of the $25$ and $26?$
Answer
Here, $n = 25$
$\therefore$ $2n = 2$$\times $$25 = 50$
So, $50$ numbers lie between squares of the numbers $25$ and $26$.
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Question 592 Marks
How many number lie between square of the $12$ and $13?$
Answer
$12$ and $13$
Here, $n = 12$
$\therefore$ $2n = 2$ $\times$ $12 = 24$
So, $24$ numbers lie between squares of the numbers $12$ and $13$.
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Question 602 Marks
Using the given pattern, find the missing numbers:  
$1^2+2^2+2^2=3^2 $
$ 2^2+3^2+6^2=7^2$
$ 3^2+4^2+12^2=13^2 $
$4^2+ 5^2+\_^2= 21^2$
$5^2+\_^2+ 30^2 = 31^2$
$6^2+ 7^2+\_\_\_^2=\_\_\_^2$
Answer
$ 4^2+5^2+20^2=21^2 $
$ 5^2+6^2+30^2=31^2 $
$ 6^2+7^2+42^2=43^2 $
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Question 612 Marks
Observe the following pattern and find the missing numbers:
$11^2= 121$
$101^2= 10201$
$10101^2= 102030201$
$1010101^2= \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$
$\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_^2 = 10203040504030201$
Answer
$ 11^2=121 $
$ 101^2=10201 $
$ 10101^2=102030201 $
$ 1010101^2=1020304030201 $
$ 101010101^2=10203040504030201 $
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Question 622 Marks
Observe the following pattern and find the missing digits.
$11^2= 121$
$101^2= 10201$
$1001^2= 1002001$
$100001^2= 1 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 2\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 1$
$10000001^2= \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?$
Answer
$ 11^2=121 $
$ 101^2=10201 $
$ 1001^2=1002001 $
$ 100001^2=10000200001 $
$ 10000001^2=100000020000001 $
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Question 652 Marks
Is $90$ a perfect square?
Answer


We have $90 =$ $2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 5$
The prime factors $2$ and $5$ do not occur in pairs. Therefore, $90$ is not a perfect square.
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Question 662 Marks
Find the square root of $6400$
Answer


Thus factors of $6400 = 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 5 \times 5$
Therefore, $\sqrt{6400} = 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 5 = 80$
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Question 672 Marks
Area of a square plot is $2304$ $m^2$. Find the side of the square plot.
Answer
Area of square plot $= 2304$ $m^2$
Therefore, side of the square plot = $\sqrt{2304} \;m$
Finding $\sqrt{2304}$ by long division method.


Thus, the side of the square plot is $48\ m$.
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Question 692 Marks
Find the least number that must be added to $1300$ so as to get a perfect square. Also find the square root of the perfect square.
Answer
First finding $\sqrt {1300}$ by long division method.

The remainder is $4$. This shows that $36^2< 1300.$
Next perfect square number is $37^2= 1369.$
Hence, the number to be added is $37^2- 1300 = 1369 - 1300 = 69.$
And the square root of the perfect square = $\sqrt {1369}$ $= 37$.
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Question 702 Marks
Find the square of the number $42$ without actual multiplication.
Answer
$42^2= (40 + 2)^2$
$= (40 + 2)(40 + 2)$
$= 40(40 + 2) + 2(40 + 2)$
$= 40^2+ 40 \times 2 + 2\times 40 + 2^2$
$= 1600 + 80 + 80 + 4 = 1764$
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Question 712 Marks
Find the greatest $4$-digit number which is a perfect square.
Answer
Greatest number of $4$-digits $= 9999$
First finding $\sqrt9999$ by long division method.

The remainder is $198$. This shows $99^2$ is less than $9999$ by $198$.
This means if we subtract the remainder from the number, we get a perfect square.
Therefore, the greatest $4$-digit number which is a perfect square is $= 9999 – 198 = 9801$
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Question 722 Marks
Find the square of the number $39$ without actual multiplication.
Answer
$39^2=(30+9)^2$
$= (30 + 9)(30 + 9)$
$= 30(30 + 9) + 9(30 + 9)$
$= 30^2+30 \times 9+9 \times 30+9^2$
$= 900 + 270 + 270 + 81 = 1521$
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Question 732 Marks
Find the least number that must be subtracted from $5607$ so as to get a perfect square. Also find the square root of the perfect square number.
Answer
First finding $\sqrt{5607}$ by long division method.

We get the remainder $131$. It shows that $74^2$ is less than $5607$ by $131$.
This means if we subtract the remainder from the number, we get a perfect square.
Thus, the least number that must be subtracted from $5607$ so as to get a perfect square is $131$.
And the required perfect square number is $5607 - 131 = 5476$. So, $\sqrt{5476}$ $= 74$.
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