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Chemistry [2 Mark Question Answer]

Study of Compounds - Hydrogen Chloride · ICSE STD 10 (ICSE - English Medium). 8 questions.

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[2 Mark Question Answer]

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Question 12 Marks
Solution $A$ reacts with an acid $B$ (which gives greenish yellow gas on reacting with oxidizing agents like $Pb_3O_4$ )to give white precipitate $C$ insoluble in nitric acid but soluble in ammonium hydroxide. Name $A, B$ and $C.$
Answer
$A$ is Silver nitrate
$B$ is Hydrochloric acid
$C$ is Silver chloride
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Question 22 Marks
Explain why dilute hydrochloric acid cannot be concentrated by boiling beyond 22.2%.
Answer
A dilute aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid gets gradually concentrated on distillation, till the concentration of the acid reaches 22.2% HCl by weight which boils at 110°C. When
this concentration is reached, no further increase in concentration of the acid becomes possible by boiling. This is because vapours evolved before 110°C are vapours of water but at temperature above 110°C vapours consist mostly of molecules of HCl.
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Question 32 Marks
Explain why dry hydrogen chloride gas does not affect a dry strip of blue litmus paper but it turns red in the presence of a drop of water.
Answer
Dry hydrogen chloride is not acidic whereas moist Hydrogen chloride is acidic. In presence of a drop of water HCl gas dissolves in water and forms hydrochloric acid which turns blue litmus paper red.
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Question 42 Marks
Explain why thick white fumes are formed when a glass rod dipped in $NH_4OH$ is brought near the mouth of a bottle full of $HCl$ gas.
Answer
When ammonium hydroxide is brought near the mouth of HCl, dense white fumes are formed due to the formation of ammonium chloride.
$HCl + NH_4OH \rightarrow  NH_4Cl + H_2O$
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Question 52 Marks
Convert hydrochloric acid to nascent chlorine.
Answer
A mixture having three parts of conc. hydrochloric acid and one part of conc. nitric acid gives nascent chlorine.
$
3 HCl _{(\text {conc. })}+ HNO _{3 \text { (conc.) }} \longrightarrow NOCl +2 H _2 O +2[ Cl ]
$
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Question 62 Marks
Convert two soluble metallic nitrates to insoluble metallic chlorides using dil. $HCl$.
Answer
Conversion of metallic nitrates to insoluble metallic chlorides using dil. HCl:
(i) $Pb(NO_3)_2 + 2HCI \rightarrow PbCI_2 ↓ +PbCI_2 ↓ +2HNO_3$_
(ii) $Hg_2(NO_3)_2 + 2HCI \rightarrow Hg_2CI_2 ↓ 2HNO_3$​​​​​​​
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Question 72 Marks
How will the action of dilute hydrochloric acid enable you to distinguish between sodium thiosulphate and sodium sulphite.
Answer
Sodium thiosulphate reacts with dil. HCl to produce sulphur dioxide gas and precipitates yellow sulphur.
$Na_2S_2O_3 + 2HCl  \rightarrow 2NaCl + H_2O + SO_2 + S↓$
Sulphur is not precipitated when sulphites are treated with dil.HCl.
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Question 82 Marks
  1. Name the experiment illustrated below.
  2. State the colour of the water that has entered the round-bottomed flashttps://pg-data.sgp1.digitaloceanspaces.com/chapter_wise/20332/CHE.png" alt="Image" width="300height=" />
Answer
1. The experiment is the fountain experiment and is used to demonstrate solubility.
2. The colour of the water that has entered the round-bottomed flask is red.
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[2 Mark Question Answer] - Chemistry STD 10 Questions - Vidyadip