CHEMISTRY [3 Mark Question Answer]

In solids there is a strong force of attraction between the molecules and the space between them is very negligible. The molecules are therefore, not free to move. They merely vibrate about their mean positions. But in the case of liquids, the molecules are not very closely packed. They do not attract each other as strongly as the molecules of solids. Thus, the intermolecular spaces are larger and the molecules are able to move about more freely. This makes a liquid flow

The three states of matter are solid, liquid and gaseous.
Solid State : The molecules are very close to each other hence intermodular spaces are small and intermodular force is strong. Hence solids have definite volume, rigid, retain definite shape and are incompressible
Liquids: The molecules are less closely packed have more intermolecular spaces than solid, less stronger forces than solids. Hence liquids have definite volume but no definite shape. They take the shape of container in which they are put.
Gases : The molecules in the gases are far apart with weakest force of attraction. Hence gases have neither definite volume nor definite shape but easily compressible.

Have no definite volume or shape
Experiment:
A gas takes up the volume of any enclosed space filling it up completely.
Conclusion: Gases take up any volume and hence all gases have no definite volume.

Have mass
Experiment:
An inflated balloon placed on one side of the scale causes it to tilt towards one side.
Conclusion: The scale tilts due to the mass of the gas, hence all gases have mass.

occupy space
Experiment:
‘A’ – A glass beaker or bowl is half-filled with water.
‘B’ – An empty glass tumbler [which of course contains air] is inverted a lowered inside it.
‘C’ – On tilting the tumbler, the air is displaced and bubbles are seen coming out.
Conclusion: Air or gases occupy space.

have no definite shape
Experiment: A liquid poured into any container takes up the shape of each container.
Conclusion: All liquids have no definite shape.

have a definite volume
Experiment: A liquid in a measuring cylinder can be poured into any container. The volume of liquid in the container is the same as that in the measuring cylinder.
Observation: The volume of liquid in the container, is the same as that in the measuring cylinder. Hence, all liquids have a definite volume.

have mass - a liquid occupies mass
Experiment: A liquid placed on one side of the scale, causes the scale to tilt towards one side.
Conclusion: The scale tilts due to the mass of the liquid, hence all liquids have mass.

Have a definite volume: A solid placed in any container filled with water displaces the same amount of water.
Conclusion: Solid displace water and retain their own volume, hence all solids have a definite volume