Cognitive Processes - Maharashtra Board STD 12 Commerce / Arts Psychology Questions

Group A	Group B
1. Albert Bandura	(a) Learning by assimilation and accommodation
2. B.F. Skinner	(b) Learning by classical conditioning
3. Max Wertheimer	(c) Learning by observation
4. Edward Tolman	(d) Learning by operant conditioning
5. Jean Piaget	(e) Learning by use of cognitive processes
	(f) Laws of perception grouping

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Q 7Write whether the statements are True or False1 Mark

All changes in behaviour can be attributed to learning.

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Q 8Write whether the statements are True or False1 Mark

The tendency to fill in gaps in an incomplete stimulus so as to perceive it as a meaningful figure refers to the law of closure.

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Q 9Write whether the statements are True or False1 Mark

Top-down processing is influenced by the context in which the information occurs.

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Q 10Write whether the statements are True or False1 Mark

Awareness of the stimuli around us is called perception.

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Q 11Write whether the statements are True or False1 Mark

It is very easy to divide our attention to two tasks simultaneously.

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Q 12Answer the following questions in ONE sentence only1 Mark

What is Jean Piaget’s view about the learning process?

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Q 13Answer the following questions in ONE sentence only1 Mark

According to B.F. Skinner, how does learning take place?

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Q 14Answer the following questions in ONE sentence only1 Mark

What is learning?

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Q 15Answer the following questions in ONE sentence only1 Mark

Explain the meaning of schema.

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Q 16Answer the following questions in ONE sentence only1 Mark

What is thinking?

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Q 17Answer the following questions in 25 to 30 words each2 Marks

Describe any two processes of learning.

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Q 18Answer the following questions in 25 to 30 words each2 Marks

What is meant by thinking?

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Q 19Answer the following questions in 25 to 30 words each2 Marks

What is fluctuation of attention?

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Q 20Answer the following questions in 25 to 30 words each2 Marks

Learning by cognitive processes

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Q 21Answer the following questions in 25 to 30 words each2 Marks

Learning

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Q 22Answer the following in 80 to 100 words each with the help of the following points.5 Marks

Give three examples of top-down processing in perception.

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Q 23Answer the following in 80 to 100 words each with the help of the following points.5 Marks

Explain the stages of creative thinking.
Points:
(i) Preparation
(ii) Incubation
(iii) Illumination
(iv) Verification

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Q 24Answer the following in 80 to 100 words each with the help of the following points.5 Marks

Explain the stages of problem solving.

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Q 25Answer the following in 80 to 100 words each with the help of the following points.5 Marks

Explain the processes of learning.
Points:
(i) learning by classical conditioning
(ii) learning by operant conditioning
(iii) learning by observation
(iv) learning by assimilation and accommodation

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Q 26Answer the following in 80 to 100 words each with the help of the following points.5 Marks

Types of perceptual processing.
Points:
(i) Top-down processing
(ii) Bottom-up processing

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Q 27Answer the following in 180 to 200 words.10 Marks

With the help of your own examples explain the difference between distraction of attention and fluctuation of attention.

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Q 28Answer the following in 180 to 200 words.10 Marks

Explain the core elements of thinking.

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Q 29Answer the following in 180 to 200 words.10 Marks

Explain the laws of perceptual organization.