An organism seen in compost pit ___________.
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Organisms and Populations question types
298 questions across 7 question groups — pick any mix to generate a BIOLOGY paper with step-by-step answer keys.
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7
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01
Fill in the blanks
20 Q→02Answer the following questions.
110 Q→03Answer the following questions in detail.
91 Q→04Answer the following questions in detail.
40 Q→05True-False
7 Q→06Assertion (A) & Reason (B) MCQ
20 Q→07Case study (4 Marks)
10 Q→Sample Questions
Organisms and Populations questions
One sample from each question group in this chapter. Select any group above to see the full set with answer keys.
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In a logistic growth curve, the final phase is an .
A parasitic angiosperm _________.
A benthic animal _________.
fish breed only once in their life time.
Describe the mutual relationship between fig. tree and wasp and comment on the phenomenon that operates in their relationship.
Construct an age pyramid which reflects an expanding growth status of human population.
Construct an age pyramid which reflects an expanding growth status of human population.
Describe the mutual relationship between fig. tree and wasp and comment on the phenomenon that operates in their relationship.
Construct an age pyramid which reflects an expanding growth status of human population.
How do kangaroo rats and desert plants adapt themselves to survive in their extreme habitat? Explain.
Explain Parasitism and co-evolution with the help of one example of each.
How do snails, seeds, bears, zooplanktons, fungi and bacteria adapt to conditions unfavourable for their survival?
- State how the constant internal environment is beneficial to organisms
- Explain any two alternatives by which organisms can overcome stressful external conditions.
Different animals respond to changes in their surroundings in different ways. Taking one example each, explain "some animals undergo aestivation while some others hibernation". How do fungi respond to adverse climatic conditions?
Discuss the various types of positive interactions between species.
Which element is responsible for causing soil salinity? At what concentration does the soil become saline?
Himani while watching a TV programme based on life in polar region observed that all animals in polar regions possess larger size. Also, smaller animals are not found in that region. She asked about this surprising fact to her teacher.
- Why smaller animals (e.g. humming birds) are rarely found in polar regions?
- What are the adaptations shown by polar animals?
- What are the chief characteristics of polar region animals?
- What values are shown by Himani?
Observe the set of 4 figures A, B, C and D and, answer the following questions,
- Which one of the figures shows mutualism?
- What kind of association is shown in D?
- Name the organisms and the association in C.
- What role is the insect performing in B?
- Label the three tiers 1, 2, 3 given in the above age pyramid.
- What type of population growth is represented by the above age pyramid?
$\frac{\text{dN}}{\text{dt}}=\text{rN}$ is the equation describing logistic growth. [True/ False]
View full solution →Small animals like shrews and humming birds are rarely found in polar regions. [True/ False]
The success of mammals is due to their ability to change their body temperature according to their surroundings. [True/ False]
Zooplanktons enter a state of suspended development, called diapause, under unfavourable conditions. [True/ False]
Organisms living in water bodies (lake, sea, river) do not face any water related problems. [True/ False]
For question two statements are given $-$ one labelled Assertion and the other labelled Reason. Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes $(a), (b), (c)$ and $(d)$ as given below.
Assertion : Biotic potential is realised only when the environmental conditions are limiting.
Reason : Under such conditions only, the population size can increase at the maximum rate.
Assertion : Biotic potential is realised only when the environmental conditions are limiting.
Reason : Under such conditions only, the population size can increase at the maximum rate.
- ABoth assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
- BBoth assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
- CAssertion is true but reason is false.
- ✓Both assertion and reason are false.
Answer: D.
View full solution →For question two statements are given $-$ one labelled Assertion and the other labelled Reason. Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes $(a), (b), (c)$ and $(d)$ as given below.
Assertion : Many mangrove plants possess high levels of organic solutes.
Reason : This is an adaptation to cope with the conditions of high salt concentration and osmotic potential.
Assertion : Many mangrove plants possess high levels of organic solutes.
Reason : This is an adaptation to cope with the conditions of high salt concentration and osmotic potential.
- ✓Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
- BBoth assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
- CAssertion is true but reason is false.
- DBoth assertion and reason are false.
Answer: A.
View full solution →For question two statements are given $-$ one labelled Assertion and the other labelled Reason. Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes $(a), (b), (c)$ and $(d)$ as given below.
Assertion : No two species can occupy the same ecological niche in a habitat.
Reason : A habitat can contain only one ecological niche.
Assertion : No two species can occupy the same ecological niche in a habitat.
Reason : A habitat can contain only one ecological niche.
- ABoth assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
- BBoth assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
- ✓Assertion is true but reason is false.
- DBoth assertion and reason are false.
Answer: C.
View full solution →For question two statements are given $-$ one labelled Assertion and the other labelled Reason. Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes $(a), (b), (c)$ and $(d)$ as given below.
Assertion : Ectotherms are able to remain active under cold conditions.
Reason : Ectotherms are able to maintain a constant internal temperature, even when the temperature outside fluctuates.
Assertion : Ectotherms are able to remain active under cold conditions.
Reason : Ectotherms are able to maintain a constant internal temperature, even when the temperature outside fluctuates.
- ABoth assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
- BBoth assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
- CAssertion is true but reason is false.
- ✓Both assertion and reason are false.
Answer: D.
View full solution →For question two statements are given $-$ one labelled Assertion and the other labelled Reason. Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes $(a), (b), (c)$ and $(d)$ as given below.
Assertion : Phytoplanktons grow in abundance in the profundal zone of lake.
Reason : Profundal zone is illuminated by light which supports growth of phytoplanktons.
Assertion : Phytoplanktons grow in abundance in the profundal zone of lake.
Reason : Profundal zone is illuminated by light which supports growth of phytoplanktons.
- ABoth assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
- BBoth assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
- CAssertion is true but reason is false.
- ✓Both assertion and reason are false.
Answer: D.
View full solution →Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
Ananya is a biologist, her research guide assigned project, i.e., to determine the effect ofin tra-specific competition on the growth of sapling of Eucalyptus. For this, she designed an experiment in which two sets of pots were used. ln the first set (set A) only I sapling was planted per pot and in the other set (set B) $16$ saplings were planted per pot. To check for the effect of intra-specific competition on allocation of resources, a decreasing amount of water was added to each set. The results have been graphically indicated. Which of the following conclusions can indicated as follows:
View full solution →Ananya is a biologist, her research guide assigned project, i.e., to determine the effect ofin tra-specific competition on the growth of sapling of Eucalyptus. For this, she designed an experiment in which two sets of pots were used. ln the first set (set A) only I sapling was planted per pot and in the other set (set B) $16$ saplings were planted per pot. To check for the effect of intra-specific competition on allocation of resources, a decreasing amount of water was added to each set. The results have been graphically indicated. Which of the following conclusions can indicated as follows:
- Which of the following statements can be concluded from the given study?
- More resources are allocated to the root during low water conditions.
- Competition for water among individuals of a population causes more root growth as compared to individuals who are growing alone.
- Lesser leaves are formed under low water conditions.
- Root growth is higher in individual grown singly as compared to individuals in populations.
- Which of the following associations is an example of competitions?
- Cuscuta and hedge plant.
- Balanus and Cathamalus.
- Cactus and moth.
- Orchid and mango.
- If '+' sign is assigned to beneficial interaction, '-' sign to detrimental and O sign to neutral interaction, then the population interaction of competition refers to:
- +, +
- -, -
- +, -
- +, 0
- lntraspecific competition is more severe due to:
- similar needs.
- similar adaptations.
- common resources.
- all of these.
- Assertion: Two members of a competing species may co-exist.
- Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
- Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
- Assertion is true but reason is false.
- Both assertion and reason are false.
Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
Kangaroo rat seldom drinks water. It has thick coat to minimise evaporative desiccation. TI1e animal seldom comes out of its comparatively humid and cool burrow during the day time. 90% of its water requirement is met from metabolic water (water produced by respiratory breakdown of fats) while 10% is obtained from its food. Loss of water is minimised by producing nearly solid urine and faeces. As the animal faces acute water scarcity, it develops two types of adaptations : reducing water loss and ability to tolerate desert conditions.
Kangaroo rat seldom drinks water. It has thick coat to minimise evaporative desiccation. TI1e animal seldom comes out of its comparatively humid and cool burrow during the day time. 90% of its water requirement is met from metabolic water (water produced by respiratory breakdown of fats) while 10% is obtained from its food. Loss of water is minimised by producing nearly solid urine and faeces. As the animal faces acute water scarcity, it develops two types of adaptations : reducing water loss and ability to tolerate desert conditions.
- Kangaroo rat is a:
- Partial regulators
- Partial conformer
- Regulator
- Conformer
- Metabolic water refers to:
- Water required for metabolic activities.
- Water present in intercellular fluid.
- Water produced during oxidation of fat or carbohydrate.
- Water taken in, to promote metabolism.
- Desert animals minimise water loss by:
- Producing highly concentrated urine.
- Promoting maximum reabsorption of water in kidney tubules.
- Possessing one of the longest loop of Henle in kidney tubules.
- All of these.
- Assertion: Kangaroo rat can tolerate and thrive in wide temperature range and is known as stenothermal.
- Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
- Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
- Assertion is true but reason is false.
- Both assertion and reason are false.
- The adaptations in an organism are meant for:
- Optimum primary production.
- Optimum life span.
- Optimum mobility.
- Optimum survival and reproduction.
Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
A desert lizard (an ectotherm) and a mouse (an endotherm) are placed inside a chamber at 15ºC and their body temperature [T(L) for the lizard and T(M) for the mouse] and metabolic rates [M(L) for lizard and M(M) for the mouse] are monitored.
A desert lizard (an ectotherm) and a mouse (an endotherm) are placed inside a chamber at 15ºC and their body temperature [T(L) for the lizard and T(M) for the mouse] and metabolic rates [M(L) for lizard and M(M) for the mouse] are monitored.
- Which of the following is correct regardingT(L), M(L), T(M) and M(M)?
- T(L) and M(L) will fall while T(M) and M(M) will increase.
- T(L) and M(L) will increase while T(M) and M(M) will fall.
- T(L) and M(L) will fall, T(M) will remain same and M(M) will increase.
- T(L) and M(L) will remain same, T(M) and M(M) will decrease.
- It can be said that some animals in their evolutionary development preferred to be ectotherms than endotherms. Which of the following can be the best suited reason for it?
- The metabolic reactions of these organisms can occur at a very wide range of temperature.
- Maintaining homeostasis is an energetically expensive process.
- The enzymes of these organisms are functional at high temperatures.
- Both (b) and (c).
- Organisms that can maintain a constant internal temperature are called.
- Homoeothermic
- Poikilothermic
- Oligothennic
- Heterothennic
- An animal that survives at temperature of 10ºC and 40ºC both can be placed under the category of:
- Ectotherm.
- Endotherm.
- Modifiers.
- Migratory organisms.
- Study the graph carefully and select the correct option.
- X could be desert lizard.
- Y could be mouse.
- Z could be desert lizard.
- Both (a) and (b).
Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
Age sex structure of a population can be depicted in the form of a pyramid by plotting the percentage of population of each sex in each age class. Two age sex pyramids are as follows.
Age sex structure of a population can be depicted in the form of a pyramid by plotting the percentage of population of each sex in each age class. Two age sex pyramids are as follows.
- Which of the following is correct regarding pyramid B?
- It represents stable population.
- It represents expanding population.
- It represents declining population.
- Both (a) and (b).
- Total number of individuals of a species per unit area per unit time is called.
- Population size.
- Population density.
- Demography.
- Population dynamics.
- Which of the following is correct regarding age sex pyramid A and B?
- A represents the age sex pyramid of developed country.
- B represents the age sex pyramid of developing country.
- A represents rapidly growing population.
- Both (a) and (b).
- A population with a large proportion of older individuals than younger ones will likely to:
- Grow larger first and then decline.
- Continue to grow indefinitely.
- Decline.
- None of these.
- Assertion: Bell shaped age pyramid represents a stable population.
- Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
- Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
- Assertion is true but reason is false.
- Both assertion and reason are false.
Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
ln many species of fig trees, there is a tight one-to-one relationship with the pollinator species of wasp. It means that a given fig species can be pollinated only by its 'partner' wasp species and no other species. The wasp pollinates the fig inflorescence while looking for suitable egg-laying sites. ln return for the favour of pollination, the fig offers the wasp some of its developing seeds as food for the developing wasp larvae.
ln many species of fig trees, there is a tight one-to-one relationship with the pollinator species of wasp. It means that a given fig species can be pollinated only by its 'partner' wasp species and no other species. The wasp pollinates the fig inflorescence while looking for suitable egg-laying sites. ln return for the favour of pollination, the fig offers the wasp some of its developing seeds as food for the developing wasp larvae.
- The interaction between fig trees and wasp is an example of:
- Mutualism
- Commensalism
- Amensalism
- Parasitism
- AD the given interactions are similar to interaction between fig trees and wasp, except.
- Plant and animal relation for pollination.
- Association of algae and fungi in lichens.
- Association of cattle egret and grazing cattle.
- Association of fungi and roots of higher plants in mycorrhiza.
- In which of the following interactions both partners are adversely affected?
- Parasitism
- Mutualism
- Competition
- Predation
- ln relationship between fig and wasp:
- One benefitted other harmed.
- Both are benefitted.
- One benefitted other unaffected.
- One inhibited, other unaffected.
- Assertion: Fig and wasp cannot complete their life cycle without each other.
- Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
- Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
- Assertion is true but reason is false.
- Both assertion and reason are false.
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