Science Question Answer (2 Marks)

1. Waste generated through household industries and large commercial and industrial establishments is called urban waste.
2. It includes carry bags, glass, metal pieces and rods, threads, rubber, paper, cans from shops, waste from vegetable and meat markets, construction waste etc.

1. Any meteorological model depends upon the inter-relationship between parameters used in that model and the results expected from it.
2. However, as these inter-relationships with reference to the ocean and atmosphere are never constant, meteorological models need to be changed continually.

• Rest : Allow the victim to sit in a relaxed position.
• Ice : Apply an ice-pack to the injured part.
• Compression : After the ice-pack treatment, the injured part should be massaged gently.
• Elevate : The injured part should be kept in a raised/elevated position.

• Effect on biodiversity.
• Releases bad odour.
• Produces toxic gases.
• Leads to degradation of natural beauty.
• Leads to pollution of air, water and soil.
• Spreads diseases.

• For preventing environmental pollution and to keep the surroundings clean.
• For energy as well as fertilizer production and through that to generate work and employment opportunities.
• To reduce the strain on natural resources through treatment of solid waste.
• To improve the health and quality of life and to maintain environmental balance.

• Waste paper and paper bits.
• Pencil shavings
• Wrappers of chocolates, biscuits etc.
• Left over food from tiffins and fruit peels.
• Empty ball pen refills.

(ii) Out of these left over food from tiffins and fruit peels and pencil shaving can be used to make compost manure in school garden. The remaining waste can be sold to scrap dealers and sent for recycling.
(iii) Yes, we can do the same with the garbage generated in the house.

• Climate plays a very important role in our day to day life.
• It influences our basic needs like food, clothing and shelter as well as our occupations.
• Climate is especially important for an agrarian country like India. Also climatic factors like direction and speed of the winds, temperature, atmospheric pressure etc. are also considered during construction work.
• The science of meteorology helps in predicting climatic conditions by satellites in different ways such as prediction of rainfall, air pollution, dust storms, hot and cold waves tsunamic etc.
• so that all the citizens are well-equipped beforehand and can take preventive measures.

• Air pollution is caused due to emissions from industries, vehicles, burning of fossil fuels, construction, mining and agriculture.
• Water pollution is caused by domestic sewage and industrial waste water released into the water bodies.
• Soil pollution is caused due to industrial wastes, domestic waste, chemical fertilizers, biomedical waste and pesticides.
• Noise pollution is caused by machines, vehicular traffic, loudspeakers and household appliances.

• If protects us from harmfull radiations of sun.
• Atmosphere helps to sustain life on earth by providing oxygen for human beings and animal to breathe and carbon dioxide to plants.
• It helps in keeping us warm due to green house effect.

1. As a responsible citizen we can contribute by educating the people about all the precautions to be taken when such a calamity occurs.
2. We can also contribute by minimizing the occurrence of natural calamity like flood by taking measure to reduce land pollution, proper disposing waste material and recycling them.
3. We can plan to be safe by keeping the following things handy-torch, first-aid kit, ample food supply and water storage, emergency numbers list and extra pair of clothes.

Thus, by taking appropriate measures, we can be safe from calamities

They effects were as follows.

• Many people lost life.
• There was water clogging in most parts causing severe damage to private property and public property.
• Hospitals were submerged causing severe inconvenience to patients.
• The city incurred huge financial loss.