Carbon and its Compounds Science - Carbon and its Compounds

The enzyme used in the conversion of molasses into glucose and fructose is ______.

Decarboxylation is removal of ______.

Carbon has the ability to form ______ bonds.

The fermented liquid wash contains ____ % alcohol.

In a homologous series, the successive compounds differ by a ______ group.

______ is used as a preservative for biological specimens and ______ is used as a preventative in food and fruit juices.

The compound formed by the reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid is known as ______ and the reaction is called ______.

A mixture contains 95.5% ethanol and 4.5% water is called ______ and 100% pure ethanol is called ______.

Most of the detergents are biodegradable.

Soap has greater foaming capacity.

Soap forms a scum in hard water.

Hard water limits the cleaning action of soap.

Hard soaps are used for cleaning the body.

Assertion (A): Hard water limits the cleaning action of soap.
Reason (R): When combined with soap, hard water develops a thin layer.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, (R) explains (A)
(b) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong
(c) (A) is wrong but (R) is correct
(d) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) doesn’t explain (A).

Assertion (A): Ethanol has a much higher boiling point than ethane.
Reason (R): Presence of hydrogen bond in a molecule increases the boiling point.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, (R) explains (A)
(b) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong
(c) (A) is wrong but (R) is correct
(d) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) doesn’t explain (A).

Assertion (A): Carbon compounds have low melting and boiling points and they are easily combustible.
Reason (R): Carbon compounds are electrovalent compounds.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are correct
(b) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong
(c) Both (A) and (R) are wrong
(d) (A) is wrong but (R) is correct.

Assertion (A): Carbon combines with many other elements to form various stable compounds.
Reason (R): The stability of carbon compounds is due to the small size of carbon which enables the nucleus to hold on to the shared pair of electrons strongly.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are wrong
(b) Both (A) and (R) are correct
(c) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong
(d) (A) is wrong but (R) is correct.

Assertion (A): Graphite is a good conductor of electricity, unlike other non – metals.
Reason (R): Graphite has free electrons in it.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are correct
(b) (A) is correct but (R) does not explain (A)
(c) (A) is wrong but (R) is correct
(d) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.

Why ordinary soap is not suitable for use with hard water?

How dirt is washed away with the soap?

Write and explain the reaction that can be used for the identification of alcohols.

In what way yeast is important in the fermentation process?

Identify the compounds using the clues given below.
(a) This is a dark coloured syrupy liquid containing 30% of sucrose.
(b) During manufacture of ethanoic acid this acts as an oxidising agent.
(c) This enzyme converts sucrose into glucose and fructose.
(d) Ethanol on dehydrogenation with Cu/573K gives this compound.
(e) This compound is used as an antiseptic.

Discuss the characteristics of hydrocarbons.

Explain the classification of organic compounds.

Explain the preparation of detergents with their ingredients.

All living organisms are made of carbon atoms. This means that carbon atoms form the building blocks of living organisms. Justify this statement by giving physical nature of carbon and its compounds.