The transgenic plants are much stable, with improved nutritional quality, resistant to diseases and tolerant to various environmental conditions. Similarly, transgenic animals are used to produce proteins of medicinal importance at low cost and improve livestock quality.
(b) Genetically modified plants and animals:
1. Genetically Modified Plants:
| Objective | Gene Inserted | Achievement |
| Improved nutritional quality in Rice | Beta carotene gene (In humans, Beta carotene is required for the synthesis of Vitamin A) | Golden Rice (Genetically modified rice can produce beta carotene, that can prevent Vitamin A deficiency) |
| Increased crop production | Bt gene from bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis. (Bt gene produces a protein that is toxic to insects) | Insect resistant plants (These plants can produce the toxin protein that kills the insects which attack them) |
2. Genetically Modified Animals:
| Objective | Gene inserted | Achievement |
| The improved wool quality and production | Genes for synthesis of amino acid, cysteine | Transgenic sheep (gene expressed) |
| Increased growth in fishes | Salmon or Rainbow trout or Tilapia growth hormone gene | Transgenic fish (gene expressed) |
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