Question
Aerobic respiration and fermentation.

Answer

Aerobic respiration Fermentation
1. It takes place in higher organisms. It takes place in both higher and lower organisms.
2. It takes place in cytoplasm and mitochondria It takes place in cytoplasm.
3. It involves the participation of free molecular oxygen. It does not involve participation of free molecular oxygen.
4. It involves many steps – glycolysis, link reaction, Krebs cycle and ETS. It involves only glycolysis, decarboxylation and reduction, (alcoholic fermentation)
5. Oxidation of food is complete. Oxidation of food is incomplete.
6. It produces $CO_2$ and $H_2O.$ It produces either ethanol or lactic acid and $CO_2$ depending upon the type of fermentation.
7. It releases more energy, i.e. $38$ ATP. It releases less energy, i.e. $2$ ATP.

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