Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 7Social ScienceMughal Empire3 Marks
Question
Akbar
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Answer
Akbar was the most powerful ruler among Mughal rulers.
He was born in $1542\ AD$ in the home of a Hindu Rajput ruler in Amarkot.
In $1556\ AD$ in the second battle of Panipat, Akbar defeated Hemu the ruler of Delhi and became the emperor of Delhi only at the age of $14$. Akbar's empire extended till Kabul, Kandhar and Kashmir In North, till Gujarat, Varad, Khandesh and Ahmednagar at South, ull Baluchistan at West and till Bengal in East.
The battle of Haldighat was fought between Akbar and Rana Pratap. Akbar got victory in this battle. He made Fatehpur Sikri his capital and built many famous buildings. The Buland Darwaja, built in the memory of victory over Gujarat, Salim Chishu Dargah, Mosque, Panchmahal, etc. are included in his constructions. Akbar adopted a liberal religious policy towards the Hindus. He started social relations with the Rajputs. He appointed the Rajputs at high positions in the army. Akbar was a secular king. He brought together the best elements of religions and established a sect called 'Din-c-Ilahl'.
He translated great texts like Ramayana, Mahabharata, Atharva Ved, Panchtantra, Bible and Quran into Persian. Akbar was a social reformer. He opposed child marriages and Sati.
He abolished pilgrim taxes and banned forced religious conversions. During Akbar's time India was economically prosperous. He estabished the era of social tolerance.
When he died in $1605\ AD$ most of the parts of India were under the reign of the Mughals.
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