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ATOMS — Physics STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 SciencePhysicsATOMS2 Marks
Question
Briefly explain Rutherford's nuclear model.
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Answer

→In 1906, Rutherford suggested a brilliant experiment involving the scattering of $\alpha$-particles by atoms to understand the structure of atoms.
→This experiment was later performed around 1911 by Geiger and Marsden.
→The results of these experiments revealed that the model of the atom resembles the model of the sun and the planets.
→According to this model, the entire positive charge and almost all the mass of the atom is concentrated in a small volume called the nucleus with the electrons revolving around the nucleus just like planets revolve around the sun.
→Rutherford's atomic model cannot explain the following points.
(i) Why atoms emit light of only certain (discrete) wavelengths ?
(ii) A very simple atom like hydrogen consisting of a single electron and proton, how does it give a complex spectrum of specific wavelengths ?

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