Similarities -
Both the processes involve -
i. Unwinding of the helix and separating the two DNA strands
ii. Breaking the hydrogen bonds between the bases / pairs
iii. Follow complimentary base pair rule
iv. Polymerization occurs in 5 → 3' direction
Disimilarities -
DNA replication
i. DNA nucleotides added are ATP, GTP, СТР, ТТР
ii. Deoxyribose sugar is the part of nucleotide
iii. Adenine pairs with Thymine
iv. Both strands copied
v. Resulting into two DNA molecules
Transcription
i. RNA nucleotides added are ATP, GTP, CTP, UTP
ii. Ribose sugar is the part of nucleotide
iii. Adenine with Uracil
iv. Only one strand copied
v. Resulting in formation of an RNA molecule.