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Digestion and Absorption — BIOLOGY STD 11 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceBIOLOGYDigestion and Absorption5 Marks
Question
Describe the enzymatic action on fats in the duodenum.
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Answer

Fat is largely digested in the small intestine (duodenum). Bile secreted by liver is released into duodenum which breaks down fat droplets into small micelles by the process, known as emulsification. This increases lipase action, on fats. Pancreatic juice and intestinal juice contain lipase. The pancreatic lipase converts triglycerides, first into diglycerides and then into monoglycerides, releasing a fatty acid at each step. The intestinal lipase converts remaining fats into monoglycerides and fatty acids. Finally all fats are converted into fatty acids, glycerol and monoglycerides. $\text{Fat(Triglyceride)}\xrightarrow{\text{Bile}}\text{Emulsified fat}$ $\text{Emulsified}\xrightarrow[\text{Lipase}]{\text{Pancreatic}}\text{Fatty + Diglyceride}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ {\text{Fat}}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {\text{acid}}$$\text{Diglyceride}\xrightarrow[\text{Lipase}]{\text{Pancreatic}}\text{Fatty + Monoglyceride}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {\text{acid}}$
$\text{Monoglyceride}\xrightarrow[\text{Lipase}]{\text{Pancreatic}}\text{Fatty + Glycerol}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {\text{acid}}$

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