Describe the security challenges faced by the newly independent countries of Asia and Africa after the Second World War.
OUTSIDE DELHI - SET 1 2017
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The security challenges facing the newly-independent countries of Asia and Africa after the Second World War:
The newly independent countries faced the prospect of military conflict with neighbouring countries.
They had to worry about internal military conflict. These countries faced threats not only from outside their borders, mostly from neighbours, but also from within.
Many newly independent countries came to fear their neighbours even more than they feared the US or the Soviet Union or the former colonial powers. They quarrelled over borders and territories or control of people and populations or all of these simultaneously.
Internally, the new states were worried about threats from separatist movements which wanted to form independent countries. Sometimes, the external and internal threats merged.
A neighbour might help or instigate an internal separatist movement leading to tensions between the two neighbouring countries.
Internal wars now make up more than 95 per cent of all armed conflicts fought anywhere in the world.
Between 1946 and 1991, there was a twelve-fold rise in the number of civil wars— the greatest jump in 200 years. So, for the new states, external wars with neighbours and internal wars posed a serious challenge to their security.
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