Question
Differentiate between the following (with examples)
- Open and closed system.
- Adiabatic and isothermal process.
- State function and path function.
✓
Answer
- Open system: Open system is a system which can exchange both matter as well as energy e.g. a cup of tea.
Closed system: Closed system is a system which can exchange energy but not matter e.g. tea placed in closed kettle.
- Adiabatic process: Adiabatic process is a process in which no exchange of heat takes place with the surrounding e.g. carrying out reaction in a isolated system. The conductor should have non-conducting walls.
Isothermal process: Isothermal process is a process in which no change in temperature takes place e.g. thermostat maintains constant temperature by exchanging heat with the surroundings.
- State function: It depends upon initial and final state of the system and not on path e.g. $\Delta\text{U}$ (internal energy change)
Path function: It depends upon path e.g. work.
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