What is the difference between excretion and defecation? Explain the process of excretion in humans.

Draw the diagram of alimentary canal of man and label the following parts.Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach, Intestine.

During the respiration of an organism A, 1 molecule of glucose produces 2 ATP molecules whereas in the respiration of another organism B, 1 molecule of glucose produces 38 ATP molecules.

1. Which organism is undergoing aerobic respiration?
2. Which organism is undergoing anaerobic respiration?
3. Which type of organism, A or B, can convert glucose into alcohol?
4. Name one organism which behaves like A.
5. Name two organisms which behave like B.

What are the methods used by plants to get rid of their waste products?

1. Define excretion.
2. Name the basic filtration unit present in the kidney.
3. Draw excretory system in human beings and label the following organs of excretory system which perform following functions:

1. Form urine.
2. Is a long tube which collects urine from kidney.
3. Store urine until it is passed out.

1. Draw a diagram of excretory system in human beings and label on it: Aorta, Vena cava, Urinary bladder, Urethra.
2. List two vital functions of the kidney.

Given below is the experimental set-up to establish that one of the atmospheric gases is essential for photosynthesis in plants.

1. Name the atmospheric gas which is essential for photosynthesis.
2. What is kept in watch-glass in figure 'a' and why?
3. Write the balanced chemical equation for the process of photosynthesis.
4. When do the desert plants takeup carbon dioxide and perform photosynthesis?

1. A gas is released during photosynthesis. Name the gas and also state the way by which the gas is evolved.
2. What are stomata? What governs the opening and closing of stomata?

When a person eats sugary food, then organisms A present in his mouth act on sugar to produce a substance B. The substance B first dissolves the calcium salts from the top part C of the tooth and then from its middle part D forming holes E. These holes ultimately reach the part F in the lower part of tooth which contains nerves and blood vessels. The substance B irritates the nerve endings inside the tooth causing toothache.

1. What are (i) organisms A, and (ii) substance B?
2. What are (i) part C, and (ii) part D, of tooth known as?
3. By what name are the holes E in the tooth known?
4. Name the part F of the tooth.
5. What will happen if organisms A reach part F of the tooth known?

The transport system in plants consists of two kinds of tissues X and Y. The tissue X is made up of living cells and consists of two components A and B. The component A has tiny pores in its end walls and contains only cytoplasm but no nucleus. On the other hand, component B has cytoplasm as well as nucleus. The tissue Y is made up of dead cells and consists of two components C and D. The component C has open ends whereas component D does not have open ends. In flowering plants, either only C or both C and D transport water but D is the only water conducting tissue in non - flowering plants.

1. What is (i) tissue X, (ii) component A and (iii) component B?
2. What is (i) tissue Y, (ii) component C and (iii) component D?