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The form of the argument and the validity of the argument — Philosophy STD 12 Arts — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ArtsPhilosophyThe form of the argument and the validity of the argument5 Marks
Question
Either truth wins or truth is defeated.
Truth is not defeated.
Therefore, truth prevails.
✓

Answer

Hint: $P =$ Truth wins.
$Q =$ Truth is defeated.
Symbolic representation of the argument:
$P\ v\ Q$
$\sim Q$
$\therefore P$
Combining the two bases of this argument as a whole, the argument will be as follows:
$(P\ v\ Q)\ \& \sim Q$
$\therefore P$
Truth Table:
  Support statement The resulting statement
  $1$ $2$ $3$ $4$ $5$ $6$
$P$ $Q$ $\sim Q$ $P\ v\ Q$ $(P\ v\ Q)\ \&\ \sim Q$ $P$
$1$ $T$ $T$ $F$ $T$ $F$ $T$
$2$ $T$ $F$ $T$ $T$ $T^*$ $T^*$
$3$ $F$ $T$ $F$ $T$ $F$ $F$
$4$ $F$ $F$ $T$ $F$ $F$ $F$
  $2 (\sim )$ $1, 2(v)$ $4, 3 (\&)$ As $1$
Judgment of the validity of the argument: A total of six columns have been formed in the above fact sheet. In which the column no. Base statement and column no. $6$ is the representation of the result statement. Out of the total four rows of the truth table, only rows. The base statement in $2$ is the truth $‘T’$ and the result statement in the same row is also the truth $‘T’.$ Hence this argument is standard.

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