Question
Exlplain ac voltage applied on a series LCR circuit. Explain its solution by phasor diagram.

Answer

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The optical properties of a medium are governed by the relative permitivity $(\in_\text{r})$ and relative permeability $(\mu_\text{r})$. The refractive index is defined as $\sqrt{\mu_\text{r}\in_\text{r}}=\text{n}$.For ordinary material $\in_\text{r}=0\text{ and }\mu_\text{r}<0$ and the positive sign is taken for the square root. In 1964, a Russian scientist V. Veselago postulated the existence of material with $\in_\text{r}=0\text{ and }\mu_\text{r}<0$. Since then such 'metamaterials' have been produced in the laboratories and their optical properties studied. For such materials $\text{n}=-\sqrt{\mu_1\in_1}$. As light enters a medium of such refractive index the phases travel away from the direction of propagation.
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