Question
Explain resonance with respect to $\mathrm{CO}_3^{2-}$ ion.
✓
Answer
i. Three structures written for $\mathrm{CO}_3^{2-}$ ion.
ii. Each structure differs from the other only in the position of electrons without changing positions of the atoms. None of these individual structures is adequate to explain the properties of $\mathrm{CO}_3^{2-}$.
iii. The actual structure of $\mathrm{CO}_3^{2-}$ is a combination of three Lewis structures and is called as the resonance hybrid.
iv. Energy of the resonance hybrid structure is less than the energy of any single canonical form. Hence, resonance stabilizes certain polyatomic molecules or ions.
v. The average of all resonating structures contributes to overall bonding characteristic features of the molecule or ion.
ii. Each structure differs from the other only in the position of electrons without changing positions of the atoms. None of these individual structures is adequate to explain the properties of $\mathrm{CO}_3^{2-}$.
iii. The actual structure of $\mathrm{CO}_3^{2-}$ is a combination of three Lewis structures and is called as the resonance hybrid.
iv. Energy of the resonance hybrid structure is less than the energy of any single canonical form. Hence, resonance stabilizes certain polyatomic molecules or ions.
v. The average of all resonating structures contributes to overall bonding characteristic features of the molecule or ion.
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