Explain the concept of electrical conduction in a conductor. - Vidyadip

Question

Explain the concept of electrical conduction in a conductor.

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Answer

Electrical conduction in a conductor is due to mobile charge carriers (electrons).
These conduction electrons are free to move inside the volume of the conductor.
During their random motion, electrons collide with the ion cores within the conductor. Assuming that electrons do not collide with each other these random motions average out to zero.
On application of an electric field E, the motion of the electron is a combination of the random motion of electrons due to collisions and that due to the electric field $\vec{E}$.
The electrons drift under the action of the field $\vec{E}$ and move in a direction opposite to the direction of the field $\vec{E}$. In this way electrons in a conductor conduct electricity.

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