Question
Explain the following terms
(a) Mole fraction
(b) Molarity
(c) Molality
(a) Mole fraction
(b) Molarity
(c) Molality
✓
Answer
(a) Mole fraction: Mole fraction is the ratio of number of moles of a particular component of a solution to the total number of moles of the solution.If a substance ‘A’ dissolves in substance ‘B’ and their number of moles are $n_A$ and $n_B$, respectively, then the mole fraction of A and B are given as:
(b) Molarity: Molarity is defined as the number of moles of the solute present in 1 litre of the solution. It is the most widely used unit and is denoted by $M$. Molarity is expressed as follows: Molarity $(M)=\frac{\text { Number of moles of solute }}{\text { Volume of solution in litres }}$ Molality: Molality is the number of moles of solute present in 1 $kg$ of solvent. It is denoted by $m$. Molality is expressed as follows: Molality $(m)=\frac{\text { Number of moles of solute }}{\text { Mass of solvent in kilograms }}$
(b) Molarity: Molarity is defined as the number of moles of the solute present in 1 litre of the solution. It is the most widely used unit and is denoted by $M$. Molarity is expressed as follows: Molarity $(M)=\frac{\text { Number of moles of solute }}{\text { Volume of solution in litres }}$ Molality: Molality is the number of moles of solute present in 1 $kg$ of solvent. It is denoted by $m$. Molality is expressed as follows: Molality $(m)=\frac{\text { Number of moles of solute }}{\text { Mass of solvent in kilograms }}$
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