Question
Explain the Highland or Mountain type climate.
✓
Answer
- This type of climate is found in all latitudes where there are mountains or highlands.
- The main areas are mountainous area of Asia, Central Europe, Western North and South America and highlands of Africa.
- Climate of these regions depend upon the altitude of mountains, highlands, their location on forward and windward slope, their slopes facing the sun etc.
- In general, mountain/highland region has low temperature since temperature decreases with increase in height.
- Most of the mountains receive orographic rainfall specially if they are near the coastline. For example, Western Ghats in India receive orographic rainfall by South West monsoon winds.
- In general, there is snowfall on higher part or slopes of mountains. There is permanent snow cover on the top of mountain. For example, Himalayas are snow covered in their upper part.
- Generally coniferous forests grow on the upper slopes of mountains that is below snow line. The lower slopes are covered with evergreen or deciduous forests depending on amount of rainfall.
- Main occupation is animal rearing with the help of pastures on mountain slopes. Due to beautiful scenery of the region tourism is developed in most of the mountainous areas. Agriculture is practiced on terraces slopes.
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