Explain the process of inspiration under normal conditions. - Vidyadip

Question

Explain the process of inspiration under normal conditions.

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Answer

Inspiration: The process of filling the lungs with air from the external environment is called inspiration. During inspiration, the ribs are pulled forward and outward as a result of contraction of the external intercostal muscles. Due to this movement of the ribs the sternum bends downwards. Now due to the stretching of the ribs, contraction of the radial muscles of the diaphragm also occurs. Due to which its dome-like shape changes to a flat form, which increases the volume of the thoracic cavity. As the volume of the thoracic cavity increases, the volume of the lungs also increases, due to which suctorial force is generated due to reduction in the air pressure within it. As a result, atmospheric air enters the lungs through the respiratory tract. Respiration is an active process.

Fig.: Mechanism of breathing showing inspiration. The airways are as follows:
Nostril → Nasal cavity → Internal nostril → Pharynx → Trachea → Bronchus → Bronchioles → Alveolar → duct → Alveolar sacs → Air alveoli.

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