Human Strengths And Meeting Life Challenges — Psychology STD 12 Humanities — Question

Effect of stress:

• Emotional - Mood swings, erratic behaviour, decrease in confidence, anxiety, depression etc.
• Physiological - Increased production of certain hormones like adrenalin, cortisol, high BP, metabolism, physical activity.
• Cognitive - Mental overload, impaired decision making, poor concentration, reduced short-term memory.
• Behavioural - Eating less nutritional food, increased intake of stimulants like tobacco or other drugs, disrupted sleep pattern, increased absenteeism reduced work performance.

Alternate Answer
Strategies for coping with stress
Given by Endler and Parker

• Task oriented strategy - Involves obtaining information about the stressful situation and about alternative course of action and their probable outcome.
• Emotion-oriented strategy - Efforts to maintain hope and to control one’s emotions also involves venting feelings of anger and frustration.
• Avoidance-oriented strategies - Denying or minimising the seriousness of the situation; also involves conscious suppression of stressful thoughts and their replacement by self protective thoughts.

Alternate Answer
By Lazarus and Folkman - Coping responses arc of two types-

• Problem focussed — Attack the problem itself. They increase the person’s awareness, level of knowledge, and range of behavioural and cognitive coping options.
• Emotion focussed - Call for psychological changes designed primarily to limit the degree of emotional disruption caused by an event with minimal effort to alter the event it self.