Question
$F-Be-F$ is a liner molecule but $H-O-H$ is angular. Explain.
✓
Answer
i. In the $BeF _2$ molecule, the central beryllium atom undergoes sp hybridization giving rise to two sp hybridized orbitals placed diagonally opposite with an angle of $180^{\circ}$. Thus, $F - Be - F$ is a linear molecule.ii. In the $H _2 O$ molecule, the central oxygen atom undergoes $sp ^3$ hybridization giving rise to four $sp ^3$ hybridized orbitals directed towards four comers of a tetrahedron. There are two lone pairs of electrons in two of the $sp ^3$ hybrid orbitals of oxygen. The lone pair-lone pair repulsion distorts the structure. Hence, $H - O - H$ is angular or V -shaped.
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