Give a quantitative appraisal of India’s demographic profile during the colonial period.
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India's Demographic conditions during the British rule depict our economy as stagnant and backward.
- Both the birth rate and death rate were as high as 48 and 40 per thousand. Due to high birth rate and high death rate the population growth was stagnant.
- The Infant Mortality Rate was also very high of about 218 per thousand. The Life Expectancy Rate was as low as 32 years while presently it is 63.5 years.
- The literacy rate was less than 16 percent which denotes social backwardness and gender bias in the economy.
- In the absence of reliable data, it is difficult to specify the extent of poverty at that time but there is no doubt that extensive poverty prevailed in India during the colonial period.
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