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Atmospheric Pollution — CHEMISTRY STD 9 — Question

ICSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 9CHEMISTRYAtmospheric Pollution5 Marks
Question
Give the composition, causes, and effects of acid rain.
✓

Answer

When oxides of sulphur and nitrogen of air come in contact with water or rain, they form corresponding acids and constitute acid rain.
Causes of acid rain:
The cause of acid rain is the formation of mineral acids such as nitric acid, sulphuric acid, and carbonic acid.
Effects of acid rain:
  • Acid rain removes or leaches away elements in soil such as calcium and potassium, and soil thus loses its fertility. In this way, it damages forests.
  • It makes water in lakes and rivers acidic and may no longer support aquatic life.
  • Acid rain causes extensive damage to buildings and monuments or marble, limestone, slate, and mortar. These materials become pitted and weakened mechanically. The Taj Mahal is one such example.
  • $CaCO_3 + H_2SO_4 → CaSO_4 + CO_2 + H_2O$
    $CaCO_3 + 2HNO_3 → Ca(NO_3)_2 + CO_2 + H_2O$

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