$(1)$ $HC \equiv CH$ $\xrightarrow[{{H_2}S{O_4}}]{{HgS{O_4}}}$ $\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,O} \\ {\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,||} \\ {C{H_2} - CH \rightleftharpoons C{H_3} - CH} \\ {|\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,} \\ {OH\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,} \end{array}$
$(2)$ $[Image]$
$(3)\,CH_3-C\equiv CH$ $\xrightarrow[{{H_2}S{O_4}}]{{HgS{O_4}}}$ $\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,O} \\ {\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,||} \\ {C{H_3} - C = C{H_2} \rightleftharpoons C{H_3} - C - C{H_3}} \\ {|\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,} \\ {OH\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,} \end{array}$
$(4)$ $(4)\,CH_3-C\equiv C-CH_3$ $\xrightarrow[{{H_2}S{O_4}}]{{HgS{O_4}}}$ $\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {C{H_3} - C = CH - C{H_3}} \\ {|\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,} \\ {OH\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,} \end{array}$ $\Updownarrow$ $\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{C{H_3} - C - C{H_2} - C{H_3}} \\
{||\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,} \\
{O\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}
\end{array}$
$1$. પ્રોપેનાલ
$2$. ટ્રાયક્લોરોઇથેનાલ
$3$. મિથેનાલ
$4$. ઇથેનાલ
$5$. બેંઝાલ્ડિહાઈડ